A Forum for information and discussion about fossil cephalopods, Ammonoids, Nautiloids, Coleoids
New Collection Site
by Don (no login)
I found this really cool website, it's got some really interesting information about fossil collection sites. I just got the New Mexico PDF, and it's packed with tons of information.
New Specialist Book : Cephalopods of the World Volume 1
by
(no login)
Cephalopods of the World, An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cephalopod species known to date. Vol.1. Chambered Nautiluses and Sepioids (Nautilidae, Sepiidae, Sepiolidae, Sepiadariidae, Idiosepiidae and Spirulidae), Jereb and Roper, 9251053839, paperback. GBP30.00, further details :
***Stonehenge in its landscape; Twentieth-century excavations, Rosamund MJ Cleal, KE Walker, and R Montague, ENGLISH HERITAGE, 1995, ARCHAEOLOGICAL REPORT 10, ISBN: 1850746052, Pages 321-322, Figure 183-183 continued, Lieutenant-Colonel William Hawley's 1923 cross-section C6 of 9ft wide 33ft long WA3607 broad cut scroll trench to underneath Heelstone. Map of C6 cross-section at Page 269, Figure 156. Note: C6 cross-section at Pages 321-322; Figure 183-183 continued, shown reversed.***
Question No. 1.
Concerning the mapping of easternmost Posthole at A (the 4th blackened circle on most Stonehenge maps), located 18ft due west of the Heelstone's west side; Does anyone think it is right, or wrong, to solid line contour and blacken in on any map a posthole, such as the easternmost Posthole at A, cut away entirely by the subject 6th century BC Heelstone scroll trench, when such easternmost Posthole at A does not exist? (see Hawley's 1923 cross-section C6 in above publication: Pages 321-322; Figure 183-183 continued)
Question No. 2.
Concerning the mapping of Heelstone's western elder circular ditch 9ft missing portion (the thinnest darkened portion on most Stonehenge maps), located 13ft west-southwest of the Heelstone's west side; Does anyone think it is right, or wrong, to solid line contour and darken in on any map a ditch, such as Heelstone's western circular ditch 9ft missing portion, cut away entirely by the subject 6th century BC Heelstone scroll trench, when such elder circular ditch portion does not exist? (see Hawley's 1923 cross-section C6 in above publication; Pages 321-322; Figure 183-183 continued)
Question No. 3.
Why is the subject 6th century BC Heelstone scroll trench not mapped honoring the detailed sample descriptions of the original C6 cross-section creators, Lt.-Col. William Hawley and Robert Newall, on most Stonehenge maps? (see Hawley's 1923 cross-section C6 in above publication: Pages 321-322; Figure 183-183 continued)
Stonehenge in its landscape; Twentieth-century excavations, Rosamund MJ Cleal, KE Walker, and R Montague, ENGLISH HERITAGE, 1995, ARCHAEOLOGICAL REPORT 10, ISBN: 1850746052, Pages 321-322, Figure 183-183 continued, Lieutenant-Colonel William Hawley's 1923 cross-section C6 of 9ft wide 33ft long WA3607 broad cut scroll trench to underneath Heelstone. Map of C6 cross-section at Page 269, Figure 156. Note: C6 cross-section at Pages 321-322; Figure 183-183 continued, shown reversed. Lydian lion electrum coins (7) in WA3607 scroll trench, 1 recovered. Described in daily Journal No. 4 at Stonehenge on 19th May 1923. Remaining artifacts along and at 12ft bottom of Inigo Jones' Stone-Heng Restored scroll trench East of coined Heelstone elder circular ditch (missing). Gold ark (2.5c-1.5c-1.5c), gold table (2c-1c-1.5c), gold altar (1c-1c-2c), gold candlestick, gold breastplate, gold ephod, gold censer, and brass laver, all, inside brass altar (5c-5c-3c) located beneath Hawley's Helestone lion head, calf head, man face, and eagle wings (pictured below). Jones' brass altar (5c-5c-3c) top side at 7.5ft augered depth. Scrolling trench 9ft wide 33ft long description from Stonehole B (WA3606) to 12ft below Heelstone 96 (Stonehole 163) surface: BEGINNING at mapped Stonehole B (WA3606), THENCE deepening Northeast, THENCE cutting Easternmost Posthole at A (missing), through C6 cross-section right triangle at southwest side, and Heelstone elder circular ditch (missing), THENCE East pass Stonehole 97 disturbance at northern side to beneath Hawley's Helestone lion head, calf head, man face, and eagle wings. Artifacts below Denoco Inc.'s ATT refraction seismic station No. 96 (sledgehammer source) recorded at Stonehenge on 1st April 1985. Salisbury Museum and above publication maps contour 33ft long broad cut scroll trench short by 25ft showing WA3607 only 8ft long. Robert Newall's 1923 scroll trench map contour short of Hawley's cross-sections and scroll trench East side under Heelstone (embedded 4.5ft). Three 1985 refraction seismic lines confirm Hawley's cross-sections and 9ft wide 33ft long scroll trench length and depths. Denoco Inc.'s ATT two north-south lines traverse WA3607 scroll trench width, and one east-west cross line ties along its length. English Heritage's AMLab 75 Ohm-m^2/m 1994 resistivity survey (above publication: Figure 261; Page 500) traceplot of raw resistivity data confirms ATT refraction seismic recordings. Upload of coined 6th Century BC Heelstone Scroll Trench 1984 magnetic-electromagnetic (EM-GPR) and 1985 refraction seismic maps and cross-sections to follow shortly.
Here is the red tape that is currently holding up the recharging of Earth's magnetic field as it continues its decrease toward Tesla zero. On 26th July 2005 the Planning and Regulatory Panel of Salisbury District Council refused English Heritage's application for excavation and removal of A-344 road beside Heelstone:
English Heritage's application, approved by the Northern Area Committee of Salisbury District Council at its meeting of 19th July 2005, was refused by the Planning and Regulatory Panel of Salisbury District Council on 26th July 2005, because it did not provide for excavating and removing the Heelstone artifacts:
1) A-A' (1979) C91 quadrant bearing; N 73 E
2) B-B' (1953) C36 quadrant bearing; S 67 E
3) C-C' (1923) C6 quadrant bearing; S 57 E
4) D-D' (1923) C6 quadrant bearing; South
5) E-E' (1923) C6 quadrant bearing; S 50 E
6) F-F' (1923) C6 quadrant bearings; S 2 W - S 22 E
7) G-G' (1923) C6 quadrant bearing; S 50 E
8) H-H' (1956) C51 quadrant bearing; S 63 E
9) I-I' (1979) C91 quadrant bearings; S 71 E - S 34 E - S 71 E / S 71 E
English Heritage was very surprised, and disappointed, by Salisbury District Council's decision, but they now know the grounds for refusal are ones which can easily be resolved when English Heritage submits the amended scheme providing for the excavation and removal of the Heelstone artifacts and A-344 road.
The review will be taken forward by a steering group consisting of representatives from: the Department for Transport; the Department for Culture, Media and Sport; the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs; the Highways Agency; the Government Office for the South West; and statutory advisers.
150-Million Year Old Baby Bird Fossil/ W Hide Scraper
by
(no login)
150-Million Year Old Baby Bird Fossil/ Hide Scraper!
By, Steven Montes
I was using my metal detector in the foothills of Tucson, Arizona. As luck would have it, I never find anything that I am looking for. As I was walking back to my truck with my metal detector resting on my shoulder. I caught sight of an unusual looking rock laying on the ground. I picked the rock and noticed a fossilized baby bird just off-center of the stone. I turned the stone over to reveal more of the bird’s body.
After showing the bird of to some of my friends, I decided to take the stone to the University of Arizona. I wanted to learn more about what I had found.
When I arrived, I was told to take my stone to the Paleontology Department across the lawn in front of where I was. When I got there I saw a professor in his office. I asked him if I could talk to a Paleontologist. He asked why, so I handed him the stone and preceded to tell him how I had found the stone. His eyes got big with excitement as he examined the stone while we walking down the hallway to another office soon there were several professor and people looking at the stone in awe over my good fortune. As they talked, I listened.
The rock I found was secondary sedimentary solidified black limestone. Which is not indigenous to this area. I was told the rock could have come from Canada, Montana, Kansas, China, or even from South America.
I was told that the baby bird fossil had evolved from reptiles 150-million years ago. Another professor pointed out to me other inclusions in the stone like plant matter, twigs, and other foreign objects not identifiable to him. One professor stated that there was proof that this rock was found on the top of the ground like I said due to the impact marks etched into the rock as the rain water hit the front of the stone for thousands of years while it lay on top of the ground. The marks were small circular pockets about the size of a pencil eraser grouped together. It was also mentioned that there was once other bones near the chest of the bird that had fallen out over time but the imprint of the bones are still visible. They could not identify the species of the bird, because all baby birds look alike at birth.
I was asked by one of the professors if I wouldn’t mind waiting a little while longer for one more professor who was still in class to come see the stone. He stated that this professor was part of their group and they wanted to miss seeing the stone.
Later as he approached, I handed him the stone. As he looked at it for a moment and stated that this stone was an artifact that had been carved by primitive man into a tool used to scrape the flesh away from the hide after the game had been killed for food. It turned out that his background is in Archeology. A silence fell on the people gathered as we all listened to the information being given about this rare specimen.
The archeologist then asked one of the professors if he could borrow his microscope, to look at the stone more in depth. The group moved down the hall to a small office where we entered. As I stood by his side, he examined the stone and stated that there were glassy areas on the sharp edge around the stone that were not visible to the naked eye. He said that the tendons and ligaments had polished parts of the stone during of its use. He also stated that the hide scraper was in mint condition and had hardly been used. He went on to say that most hide scrappers that we see today in museums are small ovals that are badly worn due to their use, and then discarded when they become too small. He also said that he had never seen a slightly used hide scraper before.
He made mention that he wished he knew what group of people had carved the hide scraper. He thought that the person who carved the stone might possibly be the first person to be recorded or documented for being the first person to be a collector of fossils. He also said that these primitive people were farmers, artists, traders much like the people of today.
He also stated that the position of the bird and the way it was hand carved into a tool portrayed the bird in such a manner that this item would be considered true specimen of fossil art.
One of the questions that I asked was how much was this unique item I had found worth? The answer was that since no one in the history of collecting had ever found anything like this to date in the world, he considered this specimen priceless.
My next question was how do I sell this artifact/ fossil. A young lady, still full of excitement stated that if she were I, I should take a picture of the hide scraper and put it on the internet, and said that I should put a price of 20 million dollars on it. Being that there is only one of these unique hide scrapers in the world. The chances of finding anything like it again are probably one in a trillion.
She also said try to visualize this, there might be people in the world with the biggest diamond in the world, but other people have diamonds, or someone may have the biggest house in the world, but other people have houses. She said try to think of something that no one else has, and that is what you’ve got.
There are printable versions of this story at: Search Engine, www.Google.com just enter 150-Million Year Old Baby Bird Fossil/ Hide Scraper in the search engine box provided. My story is listed on the first page.
If you want any pictures or more information about this topic, please call me at area code: 520-749-1105 or e-mail smontes@scientist.com
Exodus’ 4 winged gold ark (Rev’s ‘throne’) and Ezekiel’s 4 iron wheels are under Heelstone’s 2 flying eagle wings overhanging open ground. Heelstone’s lion head (top) is weathered-damaged, but its huge calf head (under right wing), wounded man face (under left wing), and 2 eagle wings (centering them), are still visible from the 7 stone archway. Rammed in the bottom-half of Heelstone’s 30m (100ft) circumference ditch is Carboniferous white stone (fossiliferous limestone) from South Wales. 3/4's of the ‘missing’ Counterscarp (Stonehenge’s outermost bank) is such Carboniferous white limestone, ~19 tons of it, the balance being Stonehenge Mound itself, ~281 tons. Located 100m (328ft) E-SE of Heelstone is such piled white limestone Stonehenge Mound resting on more artefacts over Cretaceous white chalk. The Mound and its artefacts are encircled by ~65 tons of Carboniferous black stone (fossiliferous coal) and Carboniferous pale grit (basically sandstone) from South Wales. Rammed in the bottom-half of its 113m (369ft) circumference ditch is such Carboniferous black coal and pale grit. Exodus’ gold table, gold altar, etc. (the balance of Exodus 37-40 ‘missing’ artefacts) are inside Stonehenge Mound. The white elders (older fossils) in such Carboniferous white limestone of 1/4 Counterscarp bank, 3/4 Stonehenge Mound - Heelstone Ditch bottom-half, differentiate these rocks from Stonehenge’s natural outcrop; Cretaceous white chalk, because it contains much younger fossils. Many of these fossils were originally quite large, easily identified before their fragmentation, caused by moving and crushing them. Stonehenge Heelstone Sculpture having 2 wings centering 4 beasts (described above), 24 white elders (identifying fossils) surrounding them in its ditch, and the 10000 x 10000 (1000s of 1000s) of white chalk fossils (younger identifiers), all located over/around Exodus’ 4 winged gold ark (Rev’s ‘throne’), total 6 wings (2 above GL, 4 below GL). Denoco Inc. (DI) 1984 geophysical surveys and English Heritage (EH) Ancient Monument Laboratory (AML) Archaeometry Branch (AB) 1994 geophysical surveys of Heelstone’s rectangular artefact anomaly show centering almost exactly plumb (directly below) the midpoint of Heelstone’s 2 wings overhanging such open ground. The rate of change of deviation from vertical of the Southwest (SW) leaning Heelstone since burial of Exodus’ 4 winged gold ark (Rev’s ‘throne’) below its 2 wings has been been calculated, and is 10cm (4in) per ~2000yrs. This is assuming that the artefact was centered perfectly plumb with the midpoint of Heelstone’s 2 wings at the time of burial. If it was, then this centering vertical plane alignment of the 2 wings above GL and 4 wings below GL would, from DI's 1984 and EHAMLAB’s 1994 geophysical surveys, make the calculation of 5cm (2in) per ~1000yrs for Heelstone movement valid. If it was not, then such rate of change of deviation from vertical would be invalid, unless the survey results are simply off center themselves. In any case, Exodus’ 4 winged gold ark (Rev’s ‘throne’) is not directly under Heelstone’s base, its 4 wings are under open ground directly below Heelstone’s overhanging 2 wings, offset by 10cm (4in). So the Heelstone does not have to be moved to retrieve Exodus’ 4 winged gold ark (Rev’s ‘throne’) rectangular artefact, whose long axis parallels the 4 Station Stones’ rectanglular long axis located SW of it, according to the 1984 and 1994 geophysical surveys. Watch the magnetic reversal (polar flip) on excavation day, at exhumation hour, of the Stonehenge Heelstone artefact. Remember to shut down your computer(s) on such day, magnetic reversals damage electronics, even surge protectors, and planes, automobiles, satellites, etc.
Do Not Fly on Ark Excavation Day!
Graviton's everywhere...
E=(hc^5/G)^1/2
4.9038802 x 10^9 kg-m^2/s^2 = [(6.6260687 x 10^-34 kg-m^2/s)
(2.4216061 x 10^42 m^5/s^5)/(6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2)]^1/2
4.9038802 x 10^9 kg-m^2/s^2 = 4.9038802 x 10^9 kg-m^2/s^2
[rsu 3.9 x 10^-8]
E=c^5/Gv
4.9038802 x 10^9 kg-m^2/s^2 = (2.4216061 x 10^42 m^5/s^5)/
(6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2)(7.4008894 x 10^42 /s)
4.9038802 x 10^9 kg-m^2/s^2 = 4.9038802 x 10^9 kg-m^2/s^2
[rsu 3.9 x 10^-8]
E=hc^3/Gm
4.9038802 x 10^9 kg-m^2/s^2 = (6.6260687 x 10^-34 kg-m^2/s)
(2.6944002 x 10^25 m^3/s^3)/(6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2)
(5.4563026 x 10^-8 kg)
4.9038802 x 10^9 kg-m^2/s^2 = 4.9038802 x 10^9 kg-m^2/s^2
[rsu 3.9 x 10^-8]
E=h(Gd)^1/2
4.9038802 x 10^9 kg-m^2/s^2 = (6.6260687 x 10^-34 kg-m^2/s)
[(6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2)(8.2089591 x 10^95 kg/m^3)]^1/2
4.9038802 x 10^9 kg-m^2/s^2 = 4.9038802 x 10^9 kg-m^2/s^2
[rsu 3.9 x 10^-8]
G=c^3/mv
6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2 = (2.6944002 x 10^25 m^3/s^3)/
(5.4563026 x 10^-8 kg)(7.4008894 x 10^42 /s)
6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2 = 6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2
[rsu 3.9 x 10^-8]
G =wc^4/E
6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2 = (4.0507625 x 10^-35 m)
(8.0776087 x 10^33 m^4/s^4)/(4.9038802 x 10^9 kg-m^2/s^2)
6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2 = 6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2
[rsu 3.9 x 10^-8]
G=c^4/F
6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2 = (8.0776087 x 10^33 m^4/s^4)/
(1.2106066 x 10^44 kg-m/s^2)
6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2 = 6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2
[rsu 3.9 x 10^-8]
G=c^5/P
6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2 = (2.4216061 x 10^42 m^5/s^5)/
(3.6293075 x 10^52 kg-m^2/s^3)
6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2 = 6.6723641 x 10^-11 m^3/kg-s^2
[rsu 3.9 x 10^-8]
Because it was recorded by the geophysical surveys, and it is known from literature, Exodus’ 114cm,45in x 69cm,27in x 69cm,27in four-winged gold ark (Rev's 'throne') and Ezekiel's four iron (ferromagnetic) wheels are currently located under the Stonehenge builders' rejected Heelstone, centered below the four beasts above it, surrounded by the 24 four elder(s) species of fossils (Carboniferous) around it, and the millions of species of younger fossils (Cretaceous) below it. Furthermore, 100m (328ft) east-southeast (E-SE) of Heelstone, at Stonehenge Mound, it was recorded by the geophysical surveys, and it is known from literature, Exodus' 229cm,90in x 229cm,90in x 137cm,54in brasen altar containing Exodus' 37-40 balance of artefacts (gold table, gold altar, etc.) are currently located inside Stonehenge Mound (Carboniferous), centered below its apex, surrounded by the ~32.5 tons of bituminous coal species of fossils (Carboniferous) around it, and the millions of species of younger fossils (Cretaceous) below it.
It is true magnetic reversals are ongoing processes, however the quoted theory, one of many, is slightly flawed. All such theories will be tested by the EHAML-WANT (English Heritage, Ancient Monuments Laboratory - Wessex Archaeology, National Trust) 1) Gold Ark Experiment, to be conducted shortly. The EHAML-WANT 1) Gold Ark [with balance 1) brasen altar, 2) gold table, 3) gold altar] Experiment will trigger the next polar flip, such flip lasting less than 1hr,60min in time, beginning with decreasing candelas 36hr,2160min before exhumation, and ending with increasing candelas 36hr,2160min after exhumation, of EHAML-WANT 1) Gold Ark, throughout the universe of many. It is true this is a wildcat prospect http://www.freewebs.com/garrydenke but the exploration geophysics is completed and it is time to commence 'mining' operations. Garry W. Denke, Geologist/Geophysicist, Denoco Inc. of Texas, Wildcat Station, P.O. Box 866488, Plano, Texas 75086-6488 USA (972) 422-8268 Office, (972) 423-6337 Fax, (940) 521-1667 Mobile
We were there gathered and hoping to show you all of the Carboniferous rocks, circling/over the artifacts. No worries though, all of the Welsh born Stonehenge rocks are to be moved back to Wales:
Instead we visited the good Doctor Robyn Lewis who staked the official claim on behalf of all fellow druids, all bards and all the Welsh compatriots. Archdruid of Wales made no claim to our artifacts:
Discoveries sparked it. Glacial transport disproven. So much for the Judd, Kellaway, Hawkins, Williams-Thorpe, et al, glacial transport. Thomas, Atkinson, Greene, Scourse, et al, would be proud.
Here is the good Doctor's requested list of Welsh rocks that need to go back to Wales. They are in the way of the excavation of our gold, silver, brass, iron, wood, and stone artifacts anyway. Archdruid of Wales, the good Doctor Robyn Lewis, has offered to pay for their removal, as agreed, making this a low cost excavation:
1) Stonehenge Whitestones - The oldest limestone sedimentary rocks at Stonehenge are the Early Carboniferous (Mississippian) Period, Arundian Age, calcium carbonates. The Early Carboniferous (Mississippian) Period limestone sedimentary rocks comprise the first (1st) Welsh construction material used by the Stonehenge builders from Wales. This material is approximately 340 million years old. These stones are called High Tor (Birnbeck) Limestone Formation rocks. They are Welsh and need to go back to Wales.
2) Stonehenge Bluestones - The volcanic rocks (oldest geologically) at Stonehenge are the Ordovician Period intrusive igneous diabases (dolerites), and extrusive igneous felsites (rhyolites) and tuffs (basic). The Ordovician Period igneous rocks comprise the second (2nd) Welsh construction material used by the Stonehenge builders from Wales. This material is approximately 470 million years old. These stones are called Ordovician Volcanic rocks. They are Welsh and need to go back to Wales.
3) Stonehenge Coshestons - The oldest sandstone sedimentary rocks at Stonehenge are the Silurian-Devonian Period micaceous sandstones. The Silurian-Devonian Period sandstone sedimentary rocks comprise the third (3rd) Welsh construction material used by the Stonehenge builders from Wales. This material is approximately 417 million years old. These stones are called Old Red Sandstone Formation rocks. They are Welsh and need to go back to Wales.
4) Stonehenge Gritstones - The sandstone grit, conglomerate, limestone, shale, and coal sedimentary rocks at Stonehenge are the Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian), Namurian Age, silicates, calcium carbonates, and carbons. The Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period sandstone grit, conglomerate, limestone, shale, and coal sedimentary rocks comprise the fourth (4th) Welsh construction material used by the Stonehenge builders from Wales. This material is approximately 320 million years old. These stones are called Millstone Grit Formation rocks. They are Welsh and need to go back to Wales.
5) Stonehenge Coalstones - The bituminous coal sedimentary rocks at Stonehenge are the Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period, Westphalian Age, carbons. The Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period bituminous coal sedimentary rocks comprise the fifth (5th) Welsh construction material used by the Stonehenge builders from Wales. This material is approximately 310 million years old. These stones are called Crosskeys Coal Measures rocks. They are Welsh and need to go back to Wales.
Here Here to the good Doctor, the Archdruid of Wales!
Following are some names of the many Stonehenge investigators who failed to published the presence of Carboniferous White Limestone, Carboniferous Pale Grit and Carboniferous Black Coal at the Stonehenge monument. The geologic outcrop at Stonehenge is Cretaceous White Chalk, just in case you forgot. Reason for their failure? None of these Stonehenge investigators knew about them. So the point is, why not go see for yourself what they missed, at the Stonehenge SUMMER SOLSTICE 2004 (now that you know their exact locations, and rough amounts)
Aiding in the celebration, so that all may see such missed Stonehenge rocks at night, is English Heritage, who has generously granted the Public free parking and free admission beginning 2200 hours (10:00 p.m.) Sunday 20th June on Father's Day night. So go if you can, it is definitely an extended weekend event. Join the midnight party round the 32.5 tons of Black Coal circling big roundtop mound along A-344 [100 metres (109 yards, 328 feet) E-SE of 04:58 Sunrise Heelstone]. The Black Coal in that Pale Grit covered trench is right under your two (2') feet.
REPORT ON THE EXCAVATIONS AT STONEHENGE DURING THE SEASON OF 1923
William Hawley
(1851-1941)
Antiquaries Journal. J., 5
1925
21-50
(No Carboniferous White Limestone, Carboniferous Pale Grit or Carboniferous Black Coal published therein)
STONEHENGE
R.J.C. Atkinson
(1920-1994)
PENGUIN BOOKS
in association with Hamish Hamilton
1956
ISBN 0140136460
(No Carboniferous White Limestone, Carboniferous Pale Grit or Carboniferous Black Coal published therein)
STONEHENGE in its landscape - twentieth-century excavations
Rosamund M J Cleal, K E Walker, and R Montague
with major contributions by
Michael J Allen, Alex Bayliss, C Bronk Ramsey, Linda Coleman,
Julie Gardiner, P A Harding, Rupert Housley, Andrew J Lawson,
Gerry McCormac, Jacqueline I McKinley, Andrew Payne,
Robert G Scaife, Dale Serjeantson, and Geoff Wainwright
ENGLISH HERITAGE
1995
ARCHAEOLOGICAL REPORT 10
ISBN 1850746052
(No Carboniferous White Limestone, Carboniferous Pale Grit or Carboniferous Black Coal published therein)
PROCEEDINGS OF THE BRITISH ACADEMY . 92
Science and Stonehenge
Edited by
BARRY CUNLIFFE & COLIN RENFREW
Published for THE BRITISH ACADEMY
by OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
1997
ISBN 0197261744
(No Carboniferous White Limestone, Carboniferous Pale Grit or Carboniferous Black Coal published therein)
HENGEWORLD
Mike Pitts
C
CENTURY . LONDON
2000
ISBN 0712679545
(No Carboniferous White Limestone, Carboniferous Pale Grit or Carboniferous Black Coal published therein)
Here's three photos showing the Carboniferous White Limestone, Old Red Sandstone (Altar Stone), Carboniferous Black Coal and Carboniferous Pale Grit source area for these Stonehenge rocks.
Here's an arial photo showing the ~100 tons of 1/4 Carboniferous White Limestone Counterscarp (foreground left). The other ~300 tons of 'missing' Carboniferous White Limestone Counterscarp was moved, piled, and is Stonehenge Mound (background left). Rammed in the ditch circling Carboniferous White Limestone Stonehenge Mound is the ~65 tons of Carboniferous Black Coal and Carboniferous Pale Grit from the South Wales Coalfield area. Old Red Sandstone (Altar Stone) is in the ~middle of Stonehenge.
Here's a photo of the Carboniferous White Limestone Mound from the opposite direction, and a photo of the now-famous Lion head, Calf head, Man face (clockwise), and Eagle wings (centering) Heelstone Sculpture from the archway (its intended view). Rammed in the ditch circling the Tertiary Sandstone Heelstone is ~19 tons of Carboniferous White Limestone from the South Wales Coalfield area. Atkinson was right about this immediate backfilled ditch, unfortunately he failed to inspect the elder limestone fossils.
Here's a photo of Carboniferous Black (bituminous) Coal and a photo of Cretaceous White Chalk. The geologic outcrop at Stonehenge is Cretaceous White Chalk. If you can see the color difference between the rock in the first photo and the rock in the second photo, congratulations are in order. You are smarter than the Stonehenge 'experts' (see first post).
Totaling ~465 tons of rocks, these ~400 tons of Carboniferous White Limestone, ~32.5 tons of Carboniferous Black Coal and ~32.5 tons of black Carboniferous Pale Grit hauled to Stonehenge, from South Wales Coalfield, in the Stone Age, are the equivalent of ~46.5 ten ton diesel truck loads full of rocks, the equivalent of ~465 one ton pickup trucks full of rocks, the equivalent of ~18,600 fifty pound animal skins full of rocks, or the equivalent of ~37,200 twenty-five pound clay pots full of rocks.
Is it possible trilobites were a marine hive/group mind organism,like bees,ants,& termites are?Looking at the different sizes of trilobites,I was wondering if the biggest ones were the queens perhaps,if my idea is,or was rather,true.Its not impossible,but very possible perhaps,yes?There are NO marine community mind invertebrates today,NO marine equivalents of termites,ants,& bees,so it would be very interesting if trilobites,or perhaps some other extinct ocean invertebrate WERE a sea equal of wasps,hornets,bees,ants,& termites.If my theory is right,is it possible trilobites were perhaps as intelligent as higher apes or even maybe humans?It can't & shouldn't be ruled out.
150-Million Year Old Baby Bird Fossil/ W Hide Scraper
by
(no login)
150-Million Year Old Baby Bird Fossil/ Hide Scraper!
By, Steven Montes
I was using my metal detector in the foothills of Tucson, Arizona. As luck would have it, I never find anything that I am looking for. As I was walking back to my truck with my metal detector resting on my shoulder. I caught sight of an unusual looking rock laying on the ground. I picked the rock and noticed a fossilized baby bird just off-center of the stone. I turned the stone over to reveal more of the bird’s body.
After showing the bird of to some of my friends, I decided to take the stone to the University of Arizona. I wanted to learn more about what I had found.
When I arrived, I was told to take my stone to the Paleontology Department across the lawn in front of where I was. When I got there I saw a professor in his office. I asked him if I could talk to a Paleontologist. He asked why, so I handed him the stone and preceded to tell him how I had found the stone. His eyes got big with excitement as he examined the stone while we walking down the hallway to another office soon there were several professor and people looking at the stone in awe over my good fortune. As they talked, I listened.
The rock I found was secondary sedimentary solidified black limestone. Which is not indigenous to this area. I was told the rock could have come from Canada, Montana, Kansas, China, or even from South America.
I was told that the baby bird fossil had evolved from reptiles 150-million years ago. Another professor pointed out to me other inclusions in the stone like plant matter, twigs, and other foreign objects not identifiable to him. One professor stated that there was proof that this rock was found on the top of the ground like I said due to the impact marks etched into the rock as the rain water hit the front of the stone for thousands of years while it lay on top of the ground. The marks were small circular pockets about the size of a pencil eraser grouped together. It was also mentioned that there was once other bones near the chest of the bird that had fallen out over time but the imprint of the bones are still visible. They could not identify the species of the bird, because all baby birds look alike at birth.
I was asked by one of the professors if I wouldn’t mind waiting a little while longer for one more professor who was still in class to come see the stone. He stated that this professor was part of their group and they wanted to miss seeing the stone.
Later as he approached, I handed him the stone. As he looked at it for a moment and stated that this stone was an artifact that had been carved by primitive man into a tool used to scrape the flesh away from the hide after the game had been killed for food. It turned out that his background is in Archeology. A silence fell on the people gathered as we all listened to the information being given about this rare specimen.
The archeologist then asked one of the professors if he could borrow his microscope, to look at the stone more in depth. The group moved down the hall to a small office where we entered. As I stood by his side, he examined the stone and stated that there were glassy areas on the sharp edge around the stone that were not visible to the naked eye. He said that the tendons and ligaments had polished parts of the stone during of its use. He also stated that the hide scraper was in mint condition and had hardly been used. He went on to say that most hide scrappers that we see today in museums are small ovals that are badly worn due to their use, and then discarded when they become too small. He also said that he had never seen a slightly used hide scraper before.
He made mention that he wished he knew what group of people had carved the hide scraper. He thought that the person who carved the stone might possibly be the first person to be recorded or documented for being the first person to be a collector of fossils. He also said that these primitive people were farmers, artists, traders much like the people of today.
He also stated that the position of the bird and the way it was hand carved into a tool portrayed the bird in such a manner that this item would be considered true specimen of fossil art.
One of the questions that I asked was how much was this unique item I had found worth? The answer was that since no one in the history of collecting had ever found anything like this to date in the world, he considered this specimen priceless.
My next question was how do I sell this artifact/ fossil. A young lady, still full of excitement stated that if she were I, I should take a picture of the hide scraper and put it on the internet, and said that I should put a price of 20 million dollars on it. Being that there is only one of these unique hide scrapers in the world. The chances of finding anything like it again are probably one in a trillion.
She also said try to visualize this, there might be people in the world with the biggest diamond in the world, but other people have diamonds, or someone may have the biggest house in the world, but other people have houses. She said try to think of something that no one else has, and that is what you’ve got.
There are printable versions of this story at: Search Engine, www.Google.com just enter 150-Million Year Old Baby Bird Fossil/ Hide Scraper in the search engine box provided. My story is listed on the first page.
If you want any pictures or more information about this topic, please call me at area code: 520-749-1105 or e-mail smontes@scientist.com
Stonehenge Phase I: An Openpit Coalfield Model; The First Geologic Mining School
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Stonehenge Phase I: An Openpit Coalfield Model; The First Geologic Mining School
Round about 5,000 years ago ancient South Wales coal miners transported approximately 800,000 pounds (241 cubic-metres; 8,510 cubic-feet) of South Wales "Carboniferous Limestone" (see Map below, No. 22 therein) to a South sloping hill on Salisbury Plain for the purpose of constructing an Openpit Coalfield Model of their roughly circular 'sacred boundary' South Wales Carboniferous Limestone outcrop (modeled Counterscarp Bank at Stonehenge), their roughly circular South Wales "Millstone Grit" outcrop (see Map below, No. 20 therein), and their roughly circular (centre basin) South Wales "Coal Measures" outcrop (see Map below, No. 19 therein), coating the bottom of their 56 "Coal Measures" firepits (modeled 56 Aubrey Holes at Stonehenge) with the perimetre 'sacred boundary' Carboniferous Limestone. (Note the ancient South Wales coal miners had no arial photographs 5,000 years ago believing the white stone circled their South Wales Coalfield home)
Today the South Wales Coalfield is mapped and well known. It is a very large basin which measures some 90 miles on its east-west axis and about 16 miles wide. The rocks of this basin belong to the Carboniferous System. This can readily be divided into three main formations; Carboniferous Limestone, the Millstone Grit, and the Coal Measures. Because of the round basin-like shape, the Carboniferous Limestone, being the oldest of the formations, forms a thin outer rim. Inside this is the Millstone Grit, with the Coal Measures being the youngest formation filling the centre of the basin. The lower coal seams rise to the surface towards the edges of the basin. Because the inclination towards the centre is much steeper on the south and east boundaries, the working of coal in more recent times was confined to the north and west edge of the coalfield. As a result, the South Wales Coalfield was later developed on an extensive scale by the Iron Masters of North Glamorgan and Monmouthshire.
In the Stone Age, Before the wheel, Coalfire was king...
The remains of an ancient African barbecue suggest our ancestors had learned to control fire nearly 1.5 million years ago. Using a new method to analyze heated bone, researchers from the Transvaal Museum in Pretoria, South Africa, and Williams College in Williamstown, Pennsylvania, have pushed back the first instance of controlled fire use by a million years. The researchers analyzed burned bones collected in South Africa's Swartkrans region in 1998. Some bones appeared to have been heated to higher temperatures than others. Hearth fires can attain temperatures nearly 300 degrees Celsius higher than brush fires. For this reason, scientists suspected the bones were evidence of early fire use. Now, a technique called electron spin resonance analysis proves that the bones must have been heated to intense campfire temperatures in order to reduce so much of the material to pure carbon. One of two pre-human species living in the area at that time, Australopithecus robustus and Homo erectus, likely cooked the bones. The next-oldest evidence of fire use, in Zhoukoudian, China, is 400,000 to 250,000 years old. In comparison, Stonehenge Phase I, is 5,000 years old.
1) Denke, G.W. 1973. Stonehenge Phase I: An Openpit Coalfield Model; The First Geologic Mining School (Indiana University of Pennsylvania) GDG, 73: 1-56.
2) Denke, G.W. 1975. Invertibrate Paleontology of the High Tor Limestone (Lower Carboniferous) and the Upper Senonian Chalk (Late Cretaceous) of Stonehenge. (Arizona State University) GDG, 75: 1-7.
3) Denke, G.W. 1977. Possible Source Areas of the High Tor Limestone (Early Mississippian) Fill of the Aubrey Holes and Heel Stone Ditch in Europe. (Arizona State University) GDG, 77: 1-24.
4) Beus, S.S. 1984. Fossil Associations in the High Tor Limestone (Lower Carboniferous) of South Wales. (Northern Arizona University) Journal of Paleontology, 58: 3; 651-667.
5) Denke, G.W. 1984. Mid-Dinantian (Waulsortian Facies) High Tor Limestone: The First Stones Transported to Stonehenge from the South Wales Coast. (Arizona State University) GDG, 84: 1-4.
6) Denke, G. 1984. Magnetic and Electromagnetic Surveys at Heelstone, Stonehenge, United Kingdom. (Indiana University of Pennsylvania) GDG, 84: 5-42.
7) Lees, A. and Miller, J. 1985. Facies variatian in Waulsortian buildups, Part 2; Mid-Dinantian buildups from Europe and North America. (Revised) Geological Journal, 20: 159-180.
8) Geologist, Denke, G. 1986. The Paleontology of Stonehenge, England. (Arizona State University) GDG, 86: 1-3. (State of Texas, County of Stonewall, Deed Records, Volume 393, Page 851-853)
Stonehenge Phase I: An Openpit Coalfield Model; The First Geologic Mining School
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Dr. Garry Denke's Claim Markers*** Circling/Over Artifacts
North Western Europe Neolithic stone circles, henges, barrows, and causewayed camps' first purpose were coal exploration sites, being the remains of diggings that yielded no coal. Stones were placed in the smaller test holes, the 'stone circles', because they would silt in much faster than the deeper coal test trenches, the 'henges, barrows and causewayed camps, having no need of markers, due to their larger size. This is how the Stone Age miners recorded where not to dig in exploration for coal again, at such depths where none was previously found. No maps or coordinates were available to them in comparison to the tools used by explorationists today to record dug and abandoned sites. Given the greater quantity of 'stone circles' on the landscape, in relation to the other methods, the 'stone circling' mining exploration technique was the most popular, for it required much less digging work, and time, to evaluate potential coal bearing sites. The different patterns observable today are the result of various Neolithic coal mining exploration techniques, being the four general types mentioned. However, at some of the coal 'stone circles' exploration sites, such as Avebury, ancient miners did actually go back to retest their coal prospects sometimes, digging again in different places and depths, being convinced that a second try would yield the much needed coal, in spite of past failure. At Avebury, for instance, evidence suggests the ancient miners went back using a different technique on another go around, resulting in a 'henge' with two 'stone circles'. But alas, no coal at the populated, energy poor, Avebury. Centuries later many of these prehistoric mining exploration sites were utilized for various purposes that are well known, which anthropologists and archaeologists study in great detail, however no one has developed a comprehensive and conclusive underlying reason for these coal exploration sites in North Western Europe. This is partly because no anthropologist or archaeologist suggested, knew of, or presented any evidence of coal stone being used for any purpose in the Neolithic, and coal's actual first usage as simple campfire fuel remained hidden. Lack of evidence resulted in limiting its primary use to smelting metals, which prehistorically is untrue. The "Stone Age Coal Mining Theory" is based on the color difference of a black rock (coal) and a white rock (limestone), which currently Stonehenge anthropologists and archaeologists maintain are the same, the Theory chalking in the missing record, in black and white, of the exploration, production, and earliest usage of coal in North Western Europe. First evidence of black coal and white limestone being known in Neolithic time was discovered by the German historian, antiquarian, and Doctor Garry Denke (1622-1699), inventor of the core barrel, who cored the circular Stonehenge Mound Ditch located 100 meters (109 yards, 328 feet) E-SE of Heelstone. Roughly 58,967 kilograms (130,000 pounds) 42 cubic-meters (1,476 cubic-feet) of black Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Westphalian Crosskeys Coal and pale-yellow Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Namurian Millstone Grit rammed in a 113 meters (~369 feet) circumference ditch in white Late Cretaceous (Santonian) Seaford Chalk outcrop around a high mound pile of white Early Carboniferous (Arundian) High Tor (Birnbeck) Limestone had been found. Because Crosskeys black coal does not outcrop naturally at Stonehenge, its presence with pale-yellow Millstone Grit in the bottom-half of this man-made ditch around a white High Tor (Birnbeck) Limestone reef-like mound situated on a seaward sloping hill suggests Stonehenge was a geologic mining school built during that ancient quest for campfire fuel in energy poor North Western Europe's cold climate unforested areas. The main problem with the generally accepted first cause 'sun worship' theories of anthropologists and archaeologists is this: sun-filled winter days were, and still are, freezing cold during the day time; their so-called 'sun god' had let them down. The Stone Age Coal Mining Theory adheres to the fact that "Coal is a Stone" claiming that it was their hottest 'fire god' that never let the Neolithic people down, especially on sun-filled freezing cold winter days in the Stone Age.
Stonehenge Mound circled by Millstone Grit and Westphalian Coal
(Foreground E-SE Stonehenge Mound and Background is Stonehenge)
The Mound Ditch Coal is from South Wales Coalfield's Crosskeys
(Stonehenge Altar Stone from Red, Stonehenge Mound from Blue, Stonehenge
Grit from Pale-Yellow at Rim, and Stonehenge Coalstone from Black at Rim)
Neolithic Coalfield Quest for Campfire Coal in North Western Europe
(Non-Productive Coal Stone Sites in Blue)
(Productive Coal Stone Sites in Black)
Today Explorationists Just use Maps to Record Non-Productive Sites
(Clear Circles having Quarter-circle Pegs are Non-Productive Sites)
The Stone Age Coal Mining Theory first exposed South Wales Coalfield rim as the hot play for Neolithic coal stone open-pit miners who gathered coal for campfire fuel. There are no pre-Neolithic or Neolithic stone circles, henges, barrows, or causewayed camps on or along the sides of this basin's outer rims. Why is that? The answer is there was no need to explore the rim because bituminous coal is along an easy to see narrow 'road' between black coal and white limestone. This area could quite possibly be the original discovery area of 'old black magic' itself, the first coal ignited with a wood fuel campfire built on a coal seam by chance. There has to be some reason the white Mississippian Limestone, Old Red Sandstone, black Carboniferous Coal, and pale-yellow Pennsylvanian Grit were brought to Stonehenge from this area in South Wales, don't you think? According to the Doctor, who examined the Old Red Sandstone Altar Stone and gathered samples by pale and horse, at Stonehenge, and from along South Wales' pale-yellow Millstone Grit circular rim road, counterclockwise in 1656, with black Coal to his left, and white Lime to his right; "To find coal here," he said, "Just follow the pale 'Grit' road, follow the pale 'Grit' road, follow the pale 'Grit' road..."****
South Wales Coalfield Limestone to Stonehenge tonnage/date Estimates
~400 tons from South Wales Coalfield to Stonehenge Counterscarp in ~31st century BC
~300 tons from Stonehenge Counterscarp to Stonehenge Mound in ~27th century BC
~19 tons from Stonehenge Mound (Counterscarp) to Heelstone Ditch in ~21st century BC
a) 1/4 of Counterscarp Limestone (~100 tons) still in place (see labeled "Counterscarp" in photo).
b) 3/4 of Counterscarp Limestone cored remnants (~tstm) still in place under the rebuilt topsoil.
c) 56 Coal Fire Pits (the 56 Aubrey Holes) of coated bottom cored remnants (~tstm) still in place.
d) *Stonehenge Mound is 3/4 of relocated Counterscarp Limestone (~281 tons) (to left of "Drainage Trench").
e) **Heelstone Ditch bottom-half rammed fill (~19 tons) is Counterscarp Limestone from Stonehenge Mound.
Identical fossils of the South Wales Coalfield's periphery limestone at Stonehenge
South Wales Coalfield Grit/Coal to Stonehenge tonnage/date Estimates
Stonehenge Mound Ditch ~113 m (~369 feet) circle circumference length ~21st century BC
Stonehenge Mound Ditch ~42 m^3 (~1,476 cubic-feet) Grit/Coal volume ~21st century BC
Stonehenge Mound Ditch ~58,967 kg (~130,000 pounds) Grit/Coal weight ~21st century BC
a) Crosskeys Coal circling Stonehenge Mound is Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Westphalian coal.
b) Millstone Grit circling Stonehenge Mound is Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Namurian sandstone.
c) *Stonehenge Mound itself is Early Carboniferous (Mississippian) Arundian limestone and the artifacts.
3/4's of once full circled Counterscarp used as Claim Markers
*Gold, Silver, Brass, Iron, Wood, Stone artifacts in Stonehenge Mound.
**Gold, Iron, Wood, Stone artifacts under Heelstone wings carving.
***Discovered by Dr. Garry Denke, inventor of the core barrel.
****Grit was his horse's name, his pale hung from Grit's bridle. http://www.freewebs.com/garrydenke
Iron (ferromagnetic) was first detected at Stonehenge Mound and under Heelstone wings by Denoco Inc.'s Schonstedt Model GA-22 Magnetic Locator in 1984, confirmed again by Denoco Inc.'s Schonstedt Model GA-52C Magnetic Locator in 1994, not by Ancient Monuments Laboratory in 1994 (unpublished). The claim markers*** for the gold, silver, brass, iron, wood, stone, artifacts, were discovered by Dr. Garry Denke using a coring tool, his core barrel invention of 1656. They are Carboniferous rocks, Upper and Lower: Stonehenge Whitestones, Gritstones, and Coalstones; in the quantities and locations listed above.
Gold, Silver, Brass, Iron, Wood, Stone, Artifacts
Anthropologists and archaeologists claim that Dr. Garry Denke discovered neither the ark of the covenant nor its 4 iron wheels at Stonehenge, such gold ark and iron wheels buried directly below Heelstone's flying eagle wings carving facing southwest (SW) at Stonehenge. Anthropologists and archaeologists also claim that he discovered neither Upper Carboniferous rocks nor Lower Carboniferous rocks at Stonehenge whose geological names and descriptions are shown below. His claim markers*** circling/over artifacts following***
The Seven (7) Rock Types at Stonehenge (3 'New'***)
1) Stonehenge White Chalk - The outcrop sedimentary rocks at Stonehenge are the Late Cretaceous Period, Santonian Age, calcium carbonates. The Late Cretaceous Period outcrop sedimentary rocks comprise the first (1st) local in situ construction material used by the Stonehenge builders. This material is approximately 85 million years old. These stones are called Seaford Chalk Formation rocks.
2) Stonehenge Whitestones*** - The oldest limestone sedimentary rocks at Stonehenge are the Early Carboniferous (Mississippian) Period, Arundian Age, calcium carbonates. The Early Carboniferous (Mississippian) Period limestone sedimentary rocks comprise the first (1st) foreign construction material used by the Stonehenge builders. This material is approximately 340 million years old. These stones are called High Tor (Birnbeck) Limestone Formation rocks.
3) Stonehenge Bluestones - The volcanic rocks (oldest geologically) at Stonehenge are the Ordovician Period intrusive igneous diabases (dolerites), and extrusive igneous felsites (rhyolites) and tuffs (basic). The Ordovician Period igneous rocks comprise the second (2nd) foreign construction material used by the Stonehenge builders. This material is approximately 470 million years old. These stones are called Ordovician Volcanic rocks.
4) Stonehenge Coshestons - The oldest sandstone sedimentary rocks at Stonehenge are the Silurian-Devonian Period micaceous sandstones. The Silurian-Devonian Period sandstone sedimentary rocks comprise the third (3rd) foreign construction material used by the Stonehenge builders. This material is approximately 417 million years old. These stones are called Old Red Sandstone Formation rocks.
5) Stonehenge Sarsens - The youngest sandstone sedimentary rocks at Stonehenge are the Oligocene-Miocene (Tertiary) Period silicates. The Oligocene-Miocene Period sandstone sedimentary rocks comprise the fourth (4th) foreign construction material used by the Stonehenge builders. This material is approximately 24 million years old. These stones are called Reading Formation rocks.
6) Stonehenge Gritstones*** - The sandstone grit, conglomerate, limestone, shale, and coal sedimentary rocks at Stonehenge are the Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian), Namurian Age, silicates, calcium carbonates, and carbons. The Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period sandstone grit, conglomerate, limestone, shale, and coal sedimentary rocks comprise the fifth (5th) foreign construction material used by the Stonehenge builders. This material is approximately 320 million years old. These stones are called Millstone Grit Formation rocks.
7) Stonehenge Coalstones*** - The bituminous coal sedimentary rocks at Stonehenge are the Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period, Westphalian Age, carbons. The Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) Period bituminous coal sedimentary rocks comprise the sixth (6th) foreign construction material used by the Stonehenge builders. This material is approximately 310 million years old. These stones are called Crosskeys Coal Measures rocks.
And finally anthroplogists and archaeologists claim that Dr. Garry Denke discovered neither the gold table of Moses nor the gold altar of Aaron located with the balance of remaining artifacts inside Stonehenge Mound, at 100 meters (109 yards, 328 feet) east-southeast (E-SE) of such Heelstone flying eagle wings carving facing southwest (SW) at Stonehenge. No one is sure why anthropologists and archaeologists make such claims with no evidence to back them up. Perhaps they will someday. "Until then... G'day."****
The Neolithic discovery of 'magic rocks which burn' in circular South Wales Coalfield gave rise not only
to Stonehenge being built, but to the Neolithic stone circles and henges built throughout Western Europe.
Neolithic News Flash... Rocks Burn In Circles...
[b]The news of 'magic rocks which burn in circles' spread like wildfire...[/b]
Garry W. Denke
Geologist/Geophysicist
Denoco Inc. of Texas
Wildcat Station, P.O. Box 866488
Plano, Texas 75086-6488 USA
(972) 422-8268 Office
(972) 423-6337 Fax
(940) 521-1667 Mobile
