| Original Message |
Steeven
Posted Mar 12, 2009 5:44 AM
Om Wikepedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto
Classification
As a constructed language, Esperanto is not genealogically related to any ethnic language. It has been described as "a language lexically predominantly Romanic, morphologically intensively agglutinative, and to a certain degree isolating in character". The phonology, grammar, vocabulary, and semantics are based on the western Indo-European languages. The phonemic inventory is essentially Slavic, as is much of the semantics, while the vocabulary derives primarily from the Romance languages, with a lesser contribution from the Germanic languages. Pragmatics and other aspects of the language not specified by Zamenhof's original documents were influenced by the native languages of early speakers, primarily Russian, Polish, German, and French.
Typologically, Esperanto has prepositions and a free pragmatic word order that by default is subject-verb-object. Adjectives can be freely placed before or after the nouns they modify, though after the noun is more common. New words are formed through extensive prefixing and suffixing.
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WHAT IS INTERESTING ABOUT WIKEPEDIA IS THAT THE DESCRIPTION OF ESPERANTO CHANGES IN ITS DIFFERENT LANGUAGE DESCRIPTIONS.
Here are the comments about the Slavic influence on Esperanto, from the RUSSIAN text, which has been Slovio'ised here:
http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE
Otnositelno slavjanskogo vlijanija na fonologicxeskom urovne mozxno skazat, cxto v esperanto net ni odnoj fonemi, kotoroj bi ne bilo v russkom ili polskom jazike. Esperantskij alfavit napominaet cxesxskij, slovackij, horvatskij, slovenskij alfaviti (otsutstvujut simvoli k, v, ks, aktivno ispolzujutsja simvoli s diakritikoj: , , , , i ).
V leksike za iskljucxeniem slov, oboznacxajusxcxih cxisto slavjanskie realii (baro «borsxcx» i dr.) iz 2612 kornej, predstavlennij v «Universala Vortaro» (1894) tolko 29 mogli bit zaimstvovani iz russkogo ili polskogo jazika. Javnie russkie zaimstvovanija eto banto, barakti, gladi, kartavi, krom (krome), kruta, nepre (nepremenno), prava, vosto (hvost) i nekotorie drugie. Odnako slavjanskoe vlijanie v leksike projavljaetsja v aktivnom upotreblenii predlogov v kacxestve pristavok s izmeneniem znacxenija (naprimer, sub «pod», aeti «pokupat» subaeti «podkupat»; askulti «slusxat» subaskulti «podslusxivat»). Udvoenie osnov identicxno takovomu v russkom jazike: plen-plena sr. «polnim-polno», finfine sr. «v konce koncov». Nekotorie slavjanizmi pervih let esperanto so vremenem bili nivelirovani: naprimer, glagol elrigardi (el-rigard-i) «vigljadet» zamenjon novim aspekti.
V sintaksise nekotorih predlogov i sojuzov sohranjaetsja slavjanskoe vlijanie, bivsxee nekogda esxcxjo boělsxim (kvankam teorie sed en la praktiko «hotja v teorii, no na praktike»). Po slavjanskoj modeli osusxcxestvljaetsja i soglasovanie vremjon (Li diris, ke li jam faris tion «On skazal, cxto uzxe sdelal eto», Li diris, ke li estos tie «On skazal, cxto budet tam»).
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