September 14 2006 at 7:43 PM No score for this post
GS-Slovianski:
Velika Moravija bili slov'ansku imperija suszczestvovaczu v seredininu Evropa medzzu rok 833 i ranu rok-sto des'atu. Ogo glovnu teritorija lezzali na vse dva strone prinadlezzaczu k reka Morava, v teperu Slovakija, Czehija i Avstrija.
Imperija bili naczinanu, kogdi princ Mojmir po sila jedinili blizku Nitranski Kn'azzestvo s svoj sobstvenu Moravsku Kn'azzestvo v rok 833. Bezprimerovu kulturinu razvivan'e proistekali iz misija ot sv'atu Kiril i Metodij, ktoru prihodili podczas vladan'e ot princ Rostislav v rok 863. Velika Moravija dohodili teritoriczku rozmer najvisze veliku pod krol' Svatopluk 1u (871-894). Slabu ot vu borbe i cz'astou vojne protiv Franksku Imperija, Velika Moravija bili konczovuo rozbinu ot vengarsku vtorgnutel'i v ranu rok-sto des'atu i ogo kusoki poslednu bili visze pozdnuo delinu medzzu Vengarija, Bohemija, Polakija i Sv'asztena Rimska Imperija.
I didn't like/understood some things in your translation:
- "Velika Moravija":
In which form word "velika" is here?
- "seredininu Evropa":
Word "seredininu" has two suffices "in". Was it really unavoidable? Maybe it would be better to introduce word "sereda" (center) and derive adjective from it ("seredinu")?
- "vu":
Is it 'adjectivised' preposition "v"? Whoa ... Did I mention drunken unicorns? Actually it's possible not to have adjective "inner" at all, you always can say "in it".
Yeah, by the way, do you have preposition "sered" ("among", "in the middle" etc.)? You could derive the adjective from it.
- "č'astou vojne":
1) I don't like soft "č" sound. There are not so many Slavs who can distinguish “č” and “č'”. Of course you can say that I always may pronounce "čj" here, but the most difficult thing is to remember where exactly I have to do it.
2) why "č'astou" is adverb here?
It is in no form, it is just a part of an untranslated multi-word proper name (similarly as in Abu Dabi, Adis Abeba, Andora la Velija, Bandar Seri Begavan, Bele Mor'e, Bosna i Hercegovina, Breg Slonovoj Kosti, Buenos Ajres, Burkina Faso, Centralnoafrikanska Republika, Dar es Salam, Ekvator'alna Gvineja, El Ajun, Gibraltarski Proliv, Grod Vatikan, Istoczni Timor, Juzzna Afrika, Juzzna Koreja, Kabo Verde, Kuala Lumpur, La Pas, Los Andzzeles, Marszalovi Ostrovi, Mis Dobroj Nadezzdi, N'u Delhi, N'u Jork, Nova Zelandija, Objedinene Krolevstvo, Objedineni Arabski Emirati, Osmanska Imperija, Ostrov Velkanocna, Papua Nova Gvineja, Persijski Zaliv, Pnom Pen, Porto Novo, Port o Prens, Port Luj, Port Morsbi, Port of Spejn, Port Vila, Proliv La Mansz, R'o de Zzanejro, Rimska Imperija, San Hose, San Paulu, Sankt Peterburg, San Salvador, San Marino, San Tome i Prinsipi, San Tome, San Francisko, Saudijska Arabija, S'era Leone, Sent Dzzons, Sent Dzzordzzes, Sent Kits i Nevis, Sent Lucija, Sent Vinsent i Grenadini, Severna Koreja, Severni Irland, Sjedineni Sztati Ameriki, Skaliste Gori, Sojuz Sovetskih Socijalisticzkih Republik, Solomonovi Ostrovi, Sri Lanka, Sv'asztena Rimska Imperija Nemeckego Nac'i, Sv'ati Prestol, Tihi Okean, Turecka Republika Severni Kipr, Ulan Bator or Zapadna Sahara).
Word "seredininu" has two suffices "in". Was it really unavoidable? Maybe it would be better to introduce word "sereda" (center) and derive adjective from it ("seredinu")?
So sredina is really the most common, so the corresponding adjective is sredininu according to the rules of GS-Slovianski. It would certainly be possible to have e.g. sred > sredovu, but I don't know why sredininu should be avoided ...
Is it 'adjectivised' preposition "v"? Whoa ... Did I mention drunken unicorns?
OK ... I adopt the preposition vnutri "inside", so we can have vnutriu "inner" which hopefully sounds better.
Yeah, by the way, do you have preposition "sered" ("among", "in the middle" etc.)?
Currently I have posred "amidst", symetrically to polev "on the left of" and poprav "on the right of" ... But it could be changed, if you like.
I don't like soft "cz" sound. There are not so many Slavs who can distinguish “cz” and “cz'”. Of course you can say that I always may pronounce "czj" here, but the most difficult thing is to remember where exactly I have to do it.
I thought that czasto could work as an underived adverb without any special ending (similarly as e.g. teper is an adverb too and it has no -uo ending), so the adjective is derived by -u from it: czastou. But if you like, I can have czastu "frequent" and czastuo "often".
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GS-Slovianski:
Velika Moravija bili slov'ansku imperija suszczestvovaczu v sredininu Evropa medzzu rok 833 i ranu rok-sto des'atu. Ogo glovnu teritorija lezzali na vse dva strone prinadlezzaczu k reka Morava, v teperu Slovakija, Czehija i Avstrija.
Imperija bili naczinanu, kogdi princ Mojmir po sila jedinili blizku Nitranski Kn'azzestvo s svoj sobstvenu Moravsku Kn'azzestvo v rok 833. Bezprimerovu kulturinu razvivan'e proistekali iz misija ot sv'atu Kiril i Metodij, ktori prihodili podczas vladan'e ot princ Rostislav v rok 863. Velika Moravija dohodili teritoriczku rozmer najvisze veliku pod krol' Svatopluk 1u (871-894). Slabu ot vnutriu borbe i czastou vojne protiv Franksku Imperija, Velika Moravija bili konczovuo rozbinu ot vengarsku vtorgnutel'i v ranu rok-sto des'atu i ogo kusoki poslednu bili visze pozdnuo delinu medzzu Vengarija, Bohemija, Polakija i Sv'asztena Rimska Imperija.
I really don't understand why they obey to other rules than all the rest words. Do you know any language where expressions like "*Sv'asztena Rimska Imperija Nemeckego Nac'i*" would be barbaric (untranslatable)?
It looks like you have two languages: one for names, and one for other words.
ABOUT *ČASTO*:
Sorry, I was mistaken. I thought that *-ou* is adverbial suffix here (i.e. I confused it with *-uo*).
Why have you classified word často as "underived" adverb? Isn't it obvious that *-o* is adverbial suffix? (In Russian *často* is adverb, *častyj* is adjective.)
And why you have to bring up the question about what was first and what was derived? (What was earlier: a hen or an egg?) Adverbs and adjectives just correspond to each other, they exist together.
By the way, I was thinking about soft sign in word *č'astou*. And I decided that you introduced it to distinguish words *často* (often) and *čast'* (part).
ABOUT *SEREDINA*:
Yeah, seredina is more common. But word seredininu doesn't exist at all. When you choose a word to borrow, you should consider not only comprehensibility of its basic form, but of all the derivates too.
I don't like words polev and *poprav*, I don’t understand them. The former reminds me Russian polevka (field mouse) and the latter reminds me verb *popravl'at'* (correct).
ABOUT *SUŠČESTVOVAT* AND *SV'AŠČENA*:
I quite agree with iopq here.
Suščestvovat is 100% Russian word. The Bulgarian word obviously is borrowing from Russian. Why you couldn't use some word derived from verb "to be"?
In many languages there is no difference between "sv'ata" and "sv'aščena", and I don't know why you had to introduce it.
Iopq's note about sred looks reasonable too. It's part of full vocalising vs. short vocalizing question, I guess.
OK, I think that polev and poprav can be abolished completely ... Jan proposed to adopt them from Slovio, but nothing bad will happen if we don't have them, their meaning can be expressed in other way.
It looks like you have two languages: one for names, and one for other words.
It could be said this way, too ... But I see nothing wrong about it. Some months ago, I tried to translate, modify and systematise the proper names but everybody here was against Usonia, Libanonia etc. That's why I prefer the most original Slavic form of each name now.
Why have you classified word czasto as "underived" adverb? Isn't it obvious that *-o* is adverbial suffix? (In Russian *czasto* is adverb, *czastyj* is adjective.)
As you like, so I adopt czastu "frequent", czastuo "often".
And why you have to bring up the question about what was first and what was derived? (What was earlier: a hen or an egg?) Adverbs and adjectives just correspond to each other, they exist together.
I feel that a few adverbs (* see the list below) are more basic than their corresponding adjectives. Yes, "czasto" might not be this case, but still, do you want to have e.g. teperu "current", teperuo "now"?
*
daleje - further
dnes - today
jedva - hardly
jeszcze - yet
juzze - already
kvazi - quasi
neposresveno - immediately
odnako - though
osobeno - particularly
po krajnu mera - at least
poczti - almost
procz - away
skoro - soon
sledovatelno - consequently
suszczi - very
takzze - too
teper - now
tilko (teper) - just (now)
tolko - only
tozz - also
vczera - yesterday
z'utra - tomorrow
Yeah, seredina is more common. But word seredininu doesn't exist at all. When you choose a word to borrow, you should consider not only comprehensibility of its basic form, but of all the derivates too.
This is exactly what Slovio does and what I don't like. For example, Slovio has got the truncated form zxen (instead of natural Slavic zxena) because the corresponding adjective zxenju sounds to Slovio-ists better than zxenaju. To me, both sound OK. And the advantage of zxena, zxenaju is the fact that zxena is more natural and more predictable.
Suszczestvovat is 100% Russian word. The Bulgarian word obviously is borrowing from Russian. Why you couldn't use some word derived from verb "to be"?
I thought that we could have word for "to exist" different from "to be" ... But taking your opinions into consideration, it will probably not be possible because Slavic languages don't agree on the word for "to exist" sufficiently. So I'll use "to be" instead of "to exist". It is an overmuch simplification in my eyes, but there is no other way ...
Iopq's note about sred looks reasonable too.
Yes, you are right.
In many languages there is no difference between "sv'ata" and "sv'aszczena", and I don't know why you had to introduce it.
See Russian Svjaszczennaja Rimskaja imperija vs. Svjatoj Prestol, Ukrainian Svjaszczenna Ryms'ka imperija nimec'koi nacii vs. Svjatyj Prestol, Bulgarian Svesztena Rimska imperija na germanskata nacija vs. Sveti Prestol. I think that Russian, Ukrainian and Bulgarian are a sufficient majority within Slavic languages, therefore we can say that most Slavic languages know the difference, so it can be retained in GS-Slovianski. Of course, we speak about proper names now, I don't intend to introduce this "difference" in general words.
But iopq is right that it should be sv'aszczena, not sv'asztena.
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Velika Moravija bili slov'ansku imperija buduczu v sredininu Evropa medzzu rok 833 i ranu rok-sto des'atu. Ogo glovnu teritorija lezzali na vse dva strone prinadlezzaczu k reka Morava, v teperu Slovakija, Czehija i Avstrija.
Imperija bili naczinanu, kogdi princ Mojmir po sila jedinili blizku Nitransku Kn'azzestvo s svoj sobstvenu Moravsku Kn'azzestvo v rok 833. Bezprimerovu kulturinu razvivan'e proistekali iz misija ot sv'atu Kiril i Metodij, ktori prihodili podczas vladan'e ot princ Rostislav v rok 863. Velika Moravija dohodili teritoriczku rozmer najvisze veliku pod krol' Svatopluk 1u (871-894). Slabu ot vnutriu borbe i czastu vojne protiv Franksku Imperija, Velika Moravija bili konczovuo rozbinu ot vengarsku vtorgnutel'i v ranu rok-sto des'atu i ogo kusoki poslednu bili visze pozdnuo delinu medzzu Vengarija, Bohemija, Polakija i Sv'aszczena Rimska Imperija.
In which form word "velika" is here?
Gabriel opravdyval:
It is in no form, it is just a part of an untranslated multi-word proper name (similarly as in Abu Dabi, Adis Abeba...
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Pochemu togda Marov-ija in ne Marova?
I mean, the obvious ukrajinasku must have been not complicated enough
Anyway, csk cluster is retarded
are we supposed to do a really long s at the end of c? like tssk? how do you pronounce that :/
in fact, adding a constant -sku at the end is better than your solution
it's less ugly, more consistent
if you can come up with a BETTER system, then at least you have something
but right now you're making things up that sound WORSE than the obvious solution
I think that we agree on the fact that from country names ending in "-ija" (Rosija), the most natural inhabitant name is created by deleting the "-ija" (ros) and the most natural (within the boundaries of regularity) adjective is formed by adding -sku to the inhabitant (rossku). That's why I keep this system of deriving the adjective from the inhabitant in other cases, too (Ukrajina > ukrajinan > ukrajinansku, Nepal > nepalec > nepalecsku).
suščestvovat only exists in Russian and Bulgarian to my knowledge
it should actually be častuo because even though etymologically it should derive a soft sign there I don't think any Slavic language allows palatalization of č (Russian combination чь doesn't sound any different than ч)
as far as your list
Ukrainian, Polish and Russian forms are too farm from dnes to the point of no intelligibility
I like tutden'
because it implies closeness (tut) and time/day (den')
I'm sure Eugeniusx would agree because Slovio has the same "invented" words for when natural Slavic languages disagree
I like uže better because Slovak, Czech, Russian and Ukrainian (в is understood to originate from u here) have that form
kvazi shouldn't be used freely, only in translated words because I don't know any time when I would say something like "On kvazi potrebil strigan'e vlos"
I really can't find odnako in languages other than Russian and Ukrainian
počti is only in Russian/Bulgarian, but maybe "jedva li ne" is more common?
I believe the best word for "very" is "silno" because Slavic languages disagree too much
what's the point of using both tilko and tolko? they are the same word, but you took the same word from different languages, in fact, for the word "only" jedini is understood by everyone (in some meanings, we'd probably have to use both tolko and jedini)
for tomorrow, the word should be zautro (za + utro)
Igor pisal.
Ukrainian, Polish and Russian forms are too farm from dnes to the point of no intelligibility
I like tutden'
because it implies closeness (tut) and time/day (den')
I'm sure Eugeniusx would agree because Slovio has the same "invented" words for when natural Slavic languages disagree
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Pravilnyj, tut-den. Ja vernyj chto Gabriel budet vydumyvat bil-den dla vchera, bu-den dla zavtra i bilbi-den dla some day (nekotoryj den?). Kak-nibud neplokho.
Russian: segodn'a
Ukrainain: s'ohodni
Polish: dzisiaj
Czech: dnes
Slovak: dnes
Serbian: danas
Bulgarian: dnes
Macedonian: denes
I think that dnes can be considered to be quite common, I have already seen bigger disagreements among individual Slavic languages ... Of course, v eto den' remains to be absolutely correct expression.
QUASI:
I think that kvazi is a good way to replace the complicated Slavic expressions of this idea. So I wouldn't limit its usage ... of course, nobody is forced to use it.
THOUGH:
So what's your proposal?
ALMOST:
Russian: poczti, edva ne
Ukrainian: majzze
Polish: pravie, niemal
Czech: temerzz, skoro, taktak zze ne, málem
Slovak: skor, takmer, temer
Serbian: skoro, gotovo, zamalo, umalo
Bulgarian: poczti, toku-reczi, edva li ne
Macedonian: tukuszto
So poczti, jedva li ne and skoro are approximately the same common ... What do others think?
VERY:
Yes, we will probably need some invented word here ... Your silno sounds quite good; mnogo could work, too. So what do others think?
JUST NOW, ONLY:
I think that we can have both tilko and tolko because "just now" definitely hasn't got the same meaning as "only now".
TOMORROW:
Yes, it might have arisen as "za + utro", but the today's most common Slavic form is z'utra. (Or, if you liked, the soft sign could be omitted.)
First of all, tilko is the same word as tolko
Second of all, you missed one language
TODAY:
Belarusian - s'on'n'a, s'agon'n'a, s'an'n'a
Russian: segodn'a
Ukrainian: s'ohodni
Polish: dzisiaj
Czech: dnes
Slovak: dnes
Serbian: danas
Bulgarian: dnes
Macedonian: denes
so now we have 3 languages with sego + den
one language with dzis
5 languages with dnes
it's pretty much half and half
considering Russian has so many speakers and the entire Eastern Slavic branch doesn't understand dnes + Polish has dzis which sounds nothing like dnes I think the largest Slavic languages have "veto power"
Russian has 145M primary speakers and 110M secondary speakers which total 255M
Ukranian has 40M speakers total (primary and secondary)
Belarusian has 8M speakers total
Polish has 46M speakers total
so I would guess 344 million people wouldn't understand "dnes"
Russian has 145M primary speakers and 110M secondary speakers which total 255M
Ukranian has 40M speakers total (primary and secondary)
Belarusian has 8M speakers total
Polish has 46M speakers total
so I would guess 344 million people wouldn't understand "dnes"
Do we count millions? If so, we don't have to invent anything, because Russian (being spoken by an absolute majority of Slavs) is already a pan-Slavic language.
it's pretty much half and half
considering Russian has so many speakers and the entire Eastern Slavic branch doesn't understand dnes + Polish has dzis which sounds nothing like dnes I think the largest Slavic languages have "veto power"
Vetos cause that even the best compromise can be vetoed by somebody and therefore no decision is made. But we simply need to decide in every case, even in the most difficult one ...
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As we agreed on the fact that a pan-Slavic language shouldn't be a re-invention of Russian, I count votes this way:
1 vote for Russian
1 vote for Ukrainian
(opinions vary whether Belarussian should be grouped with Russian or with Ukrainian, but it isn't important now)
1 vote for Polish
1 vote for Czech and Slovak
1 vote for Serbian and other western south Slavic languages
1 vote for Bulgarian and Macedonian
For an all-Slavic language it is not important whether a majority understands this word or whether the majority of the Slavic languages uses this word, but whether almost all understand it.
So in this case of course TUT-DEN is the winner.
Let´s look at the word dictionary:
we have slovnik, dovidnik, slovar, recxnik.
All Slavs will understand SLOVKNIG, only Gabriel and Ondrej Recxnik(!!!) do not like this word. Why???
Maybe Mr. Recxnik does not like to be called Slovknig:
Din muzx din slov (=to stand by one's word; an ox is taken by the horns and a man by the tongue.)
Din muzx din slovking (=not to stand by one's word)
What about zdrov-knig, jazik-knig, cxita-knig, tehnik-knig itd.?
Eugeniusx
But "slovknig" is really ugly word. Such word formation is okay in Germanic languages, but in Slavic... it's just terrible. I would prefer words like "rec^nik" or "slovnik". Maybe "kniga-slovnik". But not "slovkniga"!
And I didn't get a word in Eugeniusx's last two paragraphs.
I think, when we intend to create pan - Slavic language there should be
equally right for every slavic word to participate in principle of adoption or refusing it.
There should NOT be the rule of majority of each of slavic nations [according to number of inhabitants, number of speaking people in that languge and the area of the land of every slavic country] in deciding which word is the best for pan-slavic language.
So, simply said, the russian words should be the same quality and considerability as e.g. macedonian or slovenian ones.
Hellerick:
But "slovknig" is really ugly word. Such word formation is okay in Germanic languages, but in Slavic... it's just terrible.
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It is true that this word compounds are often used in Germanic languages, but it untrue that they are not used in Slavic tongues:
buk-va-r, samo-chod, samo-var, avto-bus, butter-brot, prof-sojuz, aero-port, psia-krev, psia-kosc, Cxerno-goria, konc-lager itd.
these words are, exept the last one, not at all terrible!
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I would prefer words like "rec^nik" or "slovnik". Maybe "kniga-slovnik". But not "slovkniga"!
For me a recxnik is a boohoo-man. And again Slovknig i understood by all Slavs. And again understandability can be scientifically verified, ugliness not! Dla mne slov "slovknig" prekrasnyj.
I have never had anything against "slovknig" (of course, in the form without truncated endings: slovo-kniga) being an alternative of the most natural Slavic slovnik. In the same way, I have nothing against v eto den' being an alternative of dnes.
Does any proposal have more (or at least the same)?
You also agreed to use rok "year" which also has got only a half of the votes. Or shall we, following your logic, replace rok with tristo szestdes'at p'at i czetiriina den'i?
Then we should also abolish z'utra and vczera because they are not deriveable from den', right?
Does any proposal have more (or at least the same)?
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eto den' / tut den' have 100% of the votes because they are understandable to all Slavic language speakers
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You also agreed to use rok "year" which also has got only a half of the votes. Or shall we, following your logic, replace rok with tristo szestdes'at p'at i czetiriina den'i?
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No, of course not
"jedin obrot sonca okrug zemli" will do fine
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Then we should also abolish z'utra and vczera because they are not deriveable from den', right?
that's why I am against z'utra as a form
it should be zautro because it's derivable from utro
the same way that tomorrow is derivable from morrow
although morrow meaning morning is kind of an archaic usage, it still demostrates the point
wait, weren't you saying schematicism is good?
here I'm giving you ONE root, and using the za- prefix to make a new word
what you're doing is making two completely unrelated roots
WHAT'S MORE SCHEMATIC
You also agreed to use rok "year" which also has got only a half of the votes. Or shall we, following your logic, replace rok with tristo szestdes'at p'at i czetiriina den'i?
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No, of course not
"jedin obrot sonca okrug zemli" will do fine
Velika Moravija bili slov'ansku imperija buduczu v sredininu Evropa medzzu jedinsolnceobrotokolozemlija 833 i ranu jedinsolnceobrotokolozemlija-sto des'atu. Ogo glovnu teritorija lezzali na vse dva strone prinadlezzaczu k reka Morava, v teperu Slovakija, Czehija i Avstrija.
Imperija bili naczinanu, kogdi princ Mojmir po sila jedinili blizku Nitransku Kn'azzestvo s svoj sobstvenu Moravsku Kn'azzestvo v jedinsolnceobrotokolozemlija 833. Bezprimerovu kulturinu razvivan'e proistekali iz misija ot sv'atu Kiril i Metodij, ktori prihodili podczas vladan'e ot princ Rostislav v jedinsolnceobrotokolozemlija 863. Velika Moravija dohodili teritoriczku rozmer najvisze veliku pod krol' Svatopluk 1u (871-894). Slabu ot vnutriu borbe i czastu vojne protiv Franksku Imperija, Velika Moravija bili konczovuo rozbinu ot vengarsku vtorgnutel'i v ranu jedinsolnceobrotokolozemlija-sto des'atu i ogo kusoki poslednu bili visze pozdnuo delinu medzzu Vengarija, Bohemija, Polakija i Sv'aszczena Rimska Imperija.
it should be zautro because it's derivable from utro
Yes, I don't deny that it originated as za (after) + utro (morning) but this derivation isn't logical for a schematic language, therefore it can't be used. It literally means "something after morning" which has got three defects:
- it is "something after morning", it isn't clear what it is
- the tomorrow's morning is already part of the tomorrow's day, therefore way we can't say that the morning starts as late as after that morning
- it isn't defined when the time period defined as "after morning" ends, which implies that it has no end and it isn't the right meaning of "tomrrow"
Where do you see zajutro or zautro?
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I'm sure avtomobil, Avstrija, Avstralija have no AU in them either!
Because OLD Russian and Ukranian words with au are written and pronounced as av, you can't say it's not au. Plus, nice use of the LATIN ALPHABET to hide the real spelling in Belarussian!
заўтра
it means SHORT u sound
just because the sound got short over time doesn't mean it suddenly became a w! IT IS NOT A CONSONANT
so, it is pretty clear to Russian and Ukranian speakers that it is zautro because of hundreds of words like Evropa, and other loan words that have diphthongs with u replaced by v.
So why do Russian and Ukrainian have Бриджтаун, Сан-Паулу, Джорджтаун, Кейптаун, Яунде, Ðауру, КингÑтаун, Фритаун?
So why do Russian and Ukrainian have Бриджтаун, Сан-Паулу, Джорджтаун, Кейптаун, Яунде, Науру, Кингстаун, Фритаун?
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Because words that come from German or Polish get a v (mostly in the 17th and 18th centuries), words that come from English or other languages often get an u. That's why we have:
Джеймс Уатт from transliteration from English, and Ватт for Watt the unit for power.
Also, semivowels are by definition consonants. They are "semi vowels" because they are articulated at the same POSITION as a vowel in the language, but they are approximants instead of vowels.