Kill shots aren't always instantly fatal.I usually shoot a HW80K/.22 full powered and have had many instances[last week even] of blackbirds taking centre of chest hits at 25 yards with JSB Jumbo Exacts and flying 20 yards then dropping dead.I shot 23 pigeons and most did a death spiral short flight.The JSB predators kill quicker but I've yet to recover one [complete passthroughs]even on bodyshot grouse/pigeons at 30 yards.Pencil sized holes in and out.Five more pigeons and a headshot skunk the next day and no I didn't autopsy the skunk .Predator in the earhole lights out but it likely rattled right on through............................I throatshot a miserable crow that was waking me up at 0600 with a .177 Hungarian rifle in the top of a blue spruce then answered a phonecall.Talked for 5 min and plop he dropped on the lawn................Deer can go 100 yards with no heart alla .270 Nothing written in stone............Harold