some definitions

by Elizabeth

I guess all stunted growth is considered dwarfism.
Some people consider bullldogs all chondrodystrophic
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dwarfism
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dwarfism /dwarf·ism/ (dworf´izm) the state of being a dwarf.

Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. © 2007 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

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dwarf·ism (dwôrfzm)
n.
A pathological condition of arrested growth having various causes. Also called nanism.

The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007, 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

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Dwarfism, pituitary
Short stature. When caused by inadequate amounts of growth hormone (as opposed to late growth spurt or genetics), hGH deficiency results in abnormally slow growth and short stature with normal proportions.
Mentioned in: Growth Hormone Tests, Kyphosis
Gale Encyclopedia of Medicine. Copyright 2008 The Gale Group, Inc. All rights reserved.

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dwarfism
[dwôrfizm]
the abnormal underdevelopment of the body, characterized predominantly by extreme shortness of stature, although the condition is associated with numerous other defects and may involve varying degrees of mental retardation. Dwarfism has multiple causes, including genetic defects, endocrine dysfunction involving either the pituitary or the thyroid gland, chronic diseases such as rickets, renal failure, intestinal malabsorption defects, and psychosocial stress, as in the maternal deprivation syndrome. See also dwarf.
Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. © 2009, Elsevier.

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dwarfism,
n deficient growth and development leading to small stature and often skeletal deformity. It may be associated with ovarian agenesis, pituitary insufficiency, mongolism, progeria, rickets, renal disease, dietary deficiency, achondroplasia, cleidocranial dysostosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, microcephaly, hydrocephaly, sexual precocity, and delayed adolescence.
Mosby's Dental Dictionary, 2nd edition. © 2008 Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

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dwarfism
the state of being a dwarf; underdevelopment of the body. Dwarfism may be the result of a developmental anomaly, of nutritional or hormone deficiencies, or of other diseases. See also achondroplasia, cretinism.

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achondroplastic dwarfism
an inherited defect in cattle caused by defective cartilage growth which is effectively lethal because the calves do not grow well and die before 6 months of age. Typical signs are short legs, large, wide, short head, protruding lower jaw, depression of the maxilla with obstruction of respiration and stertorous breathing. The tongue protrudes and the eyes bulge, the abdomen is distended and there is chronic bloat. Urine levels of glycosaminoglycans are much higher than normal in some of the calves. Called also snorter dwarfs. The condition has also been seen in dogs and cats.

chondrodystrophic dwarfism with hydrocephalus
see bulldog calves.

constitutional dwarfism
a proportional dwarfism due to a generalized genetic defect.

disproportionate dwarfism
the skeleton is dystrophic, the soft tissues are normal. The animal is pot-bellied, dyspneic and the tongue protrudes. Characteristic of achondroplastic and chondrodystrophic dwarfs.

German shepherd dog dwarfism
an inherited juvenile panhypopituitarism caused by a defect in differentiation of the oropharyngeal ectoderm of Rathke's pouch. Affected puppies appear normal at birth but soon show a reduced rate of growth, retention of deciduous teeth and puppy hair, alopecia, delayed closure of epiphyseal growth plates, infantile genitalia and shortened life span.
A 6-month-old dwarf German shepherd dog.By permission from Ettinger SJ, Feldman E, Textbook ofVeterinary Internal Medicine, Saunders, 2004pituitary dwarfism
see German shepherd dog dwarfism (above).

primordial dwarfism
general proportional dwarfism of all organs of the kind that has produced Kerry cattle and Miniature pinschers.

proportional dwarfism
primordial dwarfism (above).

thyroid dwarfism
hypothyroidism in an immature animal causes retarded growth and development of bones with disproportionate dwarfism. See cretinism.



Posted on Feb 16, 2009, 5:13 AM
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