The cost of democracy in Afghanistan ten UK lives
Published Date: 28 July 2009
By EDDIE BARNES
AT THE expense of ten British lives, several hundred thousand rounds of ammunition and a deep political backlash at home, and with the promise that more hard fighting is still to come, UK forces yesterday ended Operation Panther's Claw, the powerful push into the Taleban's heartland Helmand province.
The five-week campaign, in which 3,000 allied soldiers secured a part of Helmand the size of Arran, was deemed a success by British commanders, who said a large proportion of the 80,000 Afghans who live there now had the choice to take part in democratic elections next month. But there were warnings last night that, with little detail on how many Taleban fighters had been killed or captured, many insurgents might have simply "melted" away, biding their time before they seek to re-enter the region.
Military experts warned the Taleban would now switch to the tactics deployed by insurgents in Iraq, using kidnappings, suicide-bombs and sniper attacks as their method of attack.
They said the success or failure of the mission now lay in maintaining order in the area, a triangular zone between the towns of Lashkar Gah and Gereskh.
It had been pinpointed for assault because it was one of the few remaining Taleban strongholds in the province, from where they had launched repeated attacks with relative impunity in recent months.
The lush area is also a crucial part of Afghanistan's "green zone", the irrigated agricultural region where poppy production is at its highest.
The cost of the operation in British lives rose again yesterday, as the Ministry of Defence confirmed that a solider from the Light Dragoons had died while on vehicle patrol in Lashkar Gah province. Together with the separate death yesterday of a solider from the 5th Regiment Royal Artillery in the Sangin district of Helmand, it takes the total number of British fatalities to 191.
Reflecting on the heavy casualties incurred during the assault, Prime Minister Gordon Brown said it has been "one of the most difficult summers" since troops went into Afghanistan. But he said the soldiers had not died in vain.
"What we have actually done is make land secure for about 100,000 people. What we've done is push back the Taleban and what we've done also is to start to break that chain of terror that links the mountains of Afghanistan and Pakistan to the streets of Britain," he said.
The news that Operation Panther's Claw had ended came as Foreign Secretary David Miliband talked about stepping up efforts to negotiate directly with "moderate" Taleban elements.
One senior government source claimed the "overwhelming majority" of Taleban fighters could be persuaded to switch sides, saying it was a "criminal waste" that more approaches to low and mid-ranking Taleban commanders in the past had not been taken up.
But last night, Mr Miliband ruled out negotiating with the Taleban's leader. He said: "Mullah Omar is named in Resolution 1267 of the UN as an international terrorist. He's made his choice for global jihad."
Ministers are hoping that the region cleared during the operation will stabilise.
In a briefing yesterday, Brigadier Tim Radford, Commander Task Force Helmand, declared Operation Panther's Claw a success, but gave an insight into the extraordinary dangers faced by British troops as they attacked the heavily fortified area.
In one case, a battle group of the Light Dragoons who broke through Taleban lines at Spin Masjed found 55 dug-in IEDs (improvised explosive devices), and faced 53 separate attacks from insurgents equipped with small arms or rocket-propelled grenades. The group were unable to lie prone on the ground in the face of the fire because, in the sweltering heat, the temperature of the earth was too hot.
Brigadier Radford praised the "most incredible courage and fortitude" of his troops.
He claimed the British forces had "inflicted heavy losses" on the Taleban, "both physically and psychologically", adding: "We have seen a number of them give up and flee the area as a result."
However, he admitted: "There will be some that simply melt back into the local population and so, for us, the threat continues to bubble beneath the surface. Over time, we must build on what has already been achieved to eliminate the threat completely, and that will take time."
Lieutenant-Colonel Nick Richardson, spokesman for Task Force Helmand, said the offensive had already born fruit. He said: "We have encountered very few insurgents on the last leg. This is a very positive sign."
However, experts warned that, even though the operation had achieved its short-term objective of clearing the Taleban from the area, its long-term success remained in the balance.
Professor Michael Clarke, the director of the Royal United Services Institute, a leading defence think tank, said British troops now faced an Iraqi-style mission, where they would be holding territory against guerrilla attacks.
He said: "It's not difficult to chase the Taleban out of an area. They don't stand and fight. They fight and then disappear. The difficulty will be whether they can stop them coming back.
"The Taleban are not going to attack directly. You find people infiltrating the region disguised as farmers or women wearing burkas. It could be very difficult for the troops. You could get civilians looking like Taleban, or somebody driving too fast at a checkpoint. Do you open fire?"
Colonel Bob Stewart, a former United Nations commander in Bosnia, said: "One of the worrying things is just how many Taleban have we killed? They (the MoD] don't know. How many prisoners have been taken? They don't know. How much damage have they done to the Taleban? The answer is they don't know.
But Peter Felstead, editor of Jane's Defence Weekly said the operation had been a success. He said: "If they can hold ahead of the election, then they can do all the hearts and minds stuff. There are more boots on the ground, and that is what is needed."
MOST people think the war in Afghanistan is unwinnable and want British troops pulled out, according to a poll by ComRes. The public mood is rapidly switching against the war, with 52 per cent of voters wanting troops out of the war-torn country immediately the poll for the Independent last night showed. Just 43 per cent disagreed with withdrawing soldiers now.
COMMANDERS SPEAK OUT
COMMANDING officers of the British troops involved in Operation Panther's Claw have described their experiences over the past five weeks. Here are extracts from their accounts.
Lieutenant Colonel Stephen Cartwright, commanding officer of The Black Watch, 3rd Battalion The Royal Regiment of Scotland.
"It has been an immense operation emotionally and physically exhausting, but exhilarating at the same time I am certain that everyone in the Battle Group will look back to an extraordinary operation when we did our jobs in the most demanding environment."
Lieutenant Colonel Doug Chalmers, commanding officer of 1st Battalion the Welsh Guards.
"The population is slowly gaining in confidence and we are starting to see the number of shops increase along with the variety of items for sale These significant gains have been secured at a high cost in terms of lives and injuries to the Battle Group. But the sense of achievement is palpable and this does make the sacrifices easier to bear. They deserve a chance and we are giving it to them."
Lieutenant Colonel Gus Fair, commanding officer of The Light Dragoons.
"This was the most intense fighting over a protracted period I have experienced in my 20 years in the Army. The men, women and equipment delivered more than we had any right to expect. The conditions could barely have been more testing and I am humbled by the extraordinary bravery, determination and resilience that I witnessed"
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Provost
Nothing in the world can take the place of persistence. Talent will not; nothing is more common than unsuccessful men with talent. Genius will not; unrewarded genius is almost a proverb. Education will not; the world is full of educated derelicts. Persistence and determination alone are omnipotent. The slogan 'Press On' has solved and always will solve the problems of the human race.
Calvin Coolidge, President of the United States 1924-1929