this was oraginally posted by levend..
the paki and the indian guy should read this...
> "Persia" is the Greek name of Pars, a province of modern day
Iran. Meanwhile, the name Iran (=Land of the Aryans) is derived from
the Aryan people, who first moved from Central Asia, and settled in
what is now Iran, some 30,000 years ago. And here are some of the
most important contributions of the people of Persia or Iran, to the
world civilization:
>
> 1. The first human civilization - - The Persian
Civilization (=Eilam); It was ahead of Egypt by 500 years, of India,
by 1,000 years, and of China, by 2,000 years, of Greece by 3,000
years, and of Rome, by 4,000 years! According to Professor Arthur A.
Pope, the famous Orientalist (A.H. Saidian, Iran: Land and the
People, Tehran 2001 P. 358)
> Professor Pope also believes that the world owes its greatest
industrial developments, in the early stages, to the Persian
Civilization! (Ibid).
> Another Orientalist, the French Professor Kalamar of the
Sorbonne University of Paris believes that: The Persian Civilization
is the mother of all civilizations! (Ibid).
> 2. The first empire in the world, the Persian Empire (from
the Indus River down to the Danube River in Europe and up to the Nile
River in Africa;Central Asia, present day Iran, Iraq, Turkey,
Azirbaijan, Armenia, Palestine, Lebanon, Egypt, Libya, Macedonia,
Cyprus,Lydia and up to the borders of Greece. It stretched from
Ethiopia to India, with 127 provinces and 28 different nationalities).
> "The Greeks and Romans later copied the best features of the
Persian Method of Governing the Empire. (World History, Philip
Groisser, New York, 1970, p. 17).
> 3. Cyrus the Great conquered Babylonia, Assyria, Media and
India; His son Cambodia (any influence on the Cambodian People?)
added Egypt later, and for the first and the last time in history,
all the governments of the known world were ruled under one color!
> 4. Insurance by Government was started during Cyrus the
Great of Persia. (Gardeshgari, Iran, March 2000).
> 5. Weight, Money and Measurements were standardized in
Persia, for the first time, some 2, 500 years ago (Gardeshgari, March
2000)
> 6. Sanskrit, which is the mother of all modern languages,
was born in Iran, before it went to India (Gardeshgari, Aug. 2001).
> 7. The Stone Age, which dates back some 70, 000 years ago,
was started in Iran, the cradle of the earliest human civilization!
(Gardeshgari, July 2000).
> 8. In Iran today, there are 1.2 million historical sites,
discovered so far, with some 70,000 historical moulds (Gardeshgari,
July 2000).
> 9. The first accounting tools were found in Iran, belonging
to 9,000 years ago. (Gardeshgari, March 2000).
> 10. The first brick invention took place in Iran.
(Gardeshgari, Iran, March 2002).
> 11. The world's greatest masonry work is Perspolis, Iran.
(Gardeshgeri, Iran, March, 2000).
> 12. The architecture of castles originated in Persia
thousands of years ago.
> 13. Iranian tales/legends are some 20, 000 years old.(Ibid)
> 14. According to the Shah-Namah of Ferdausi, the first
caesarian operation (actually Persian-Birth) was done in Persia, some
5,000 years ago upon the birth of Rustom from his mother--- Rudabeh.
(Gardeshgari, Iran, Jan. 2000.
> 15. According to the Persian Holy Books--- Avesta, the first
anesthesia was practiced in Persia 1,000 B.C.
> 16. According to Professor Griffith Taylor of Australia, the
homo sapiens (Caucassians) were originated from the Iranian Plateau,
also known as the Land of Mahd(the Medes?) and scattered throughout
the world some 17,000 years ago (15,000 B.C.)Gardeshgari, Iran, Jan.
2001.
> No wonder, the famous Orientalist, Professor Arthur Pope
said: "Western world has a vast unpaid debt to the Persian
civilization!"
> Also Hegel, the great German Philosopher, wrote: The
beginning of evolution of man starts with the history of Persia
(Hegel, Philosophy of History p. 174).
> 17. Some paintings in Lorestan caves in Persia, that show a
horse-riding man, are 17,000 years old! (15,000 B.C.) (Gardeshgari,
Iran, Jan. 2001).
> 18. The original homeland of the Chaldeans (Father Abraham?)
was Susa, Iran. The word Chaldean comes from Khald, which comes from
Kurd (Kurdish) who were originally Tajiks (Gradeshgari, Iran, Sep.
2000).
> 19. According to the Encyclopedia Britanica, "It may well be
proved eventually that the human race evolved in Central Asia or
Iran" (Gardeshgari, Iran, Sep. 2000).
> 20. According to the Indian Professor, Mereji Baba Kolka: A
group of Iranian migrants were settled along the Nile River and
founded the Egyptian civilization, thousands of years ago!
(Gardeshgari, Iran, March 2000).
> 21. Sumerians were originally Iranians from Kurdestan. So
were the Chaldeans, Babylonians, Assyrians, Achadians; All of them
spoke Chaldean, as their original language.
> 22. According to Professor Filder Petry : The civilizations
of Egypt and Mesopotamia are actually branches of the older Culture
of Eilam (Persia), which dates back to 6-10 thousand years ago!
(Gardeshgari, Iran, March 2000).
> 23. The Turkish People are a result of the mixture of the
early Iranians, and the Chinese; Semites and Egyptians, Palestinians
and Arabs, are the mixtures of Iranians and Africans; while the
Indians are a mixture of Iranians (Brahman) and the native blacks of
India, Dravidians. (Gardeshgari, March 2000 p. 47).
> 24. The history of first people of Persia goes back some
30,000 years ago (28,000 B.C.) Gardeshgari, Iran, March 2000).
> 25. The oldest rock relief in the world is the Bistoon rock
relief in Persia some 2,500 years old.
> 26. The most mammoth ziggurat was constructed in Persia,
near the historic city of Susa, thousands of years ago.
> 27. The biggest thatch construction also took place in
Kerman, Persia, some 2,000 years ago.
> 28. King Darius of Persia wrote the first Human Rights
Charter, some 2,500 years ago. It is still engraved in the Alvand
Mountain (Ganj-Nameh), near the ancient Persian Capital of Hagmataneh
(Present City of Hamadan).
> It was this concept of Human Rights, freedom of
religion and the equality of all races that lead to the freedom of
the Jews, from the captivity of Babylon, by Cyrus the Great of Persia
(539 B.C.).
> 29. While all other world powers persecuted and
discriminated against the Jews (e.g. The Egyptians, Assyrians,
Babylonians, Romans and later Germans and the Russians etc.) the
Persians were the only world power who actually liberated and
protected the Jews (the only monotheistic religion of that time). By
doing so, the Persians pioneered the freedom of religion and culture
of the minorities in the world. (While some European conquerors, like
Alexander the Great, destroyed Persepolis and other areas, or exiled
their people, the Persian kings supported the local culture and
religion).
> 30. The first World Super-Highway, that connected the East
and the West, was the Silk Road. It joined China to Europe; and its
main part was Central Asia (Ancient Persia) with its many Caravans,
Caravansarais, Bazaars, etc. etc.
> 31. The first time that the Navy was used in a Military
Operation was by the Persian Army some 2,500B.C.
> 32. The first time that the ships were used as bridge to
cross the river, was done by King Darius, who crossed the Nile and
conquered Egypt.
> 33. The first ruler who planned and constructed the Suez
Canal in Egypt was King Xerxes of Persia (539 B.C.).
> 34. The first time that a canal was built to connect two
seawaters was by King Xerxes of Persia, who built the Xerxes' canal,
near Greece, and attacked Greece, during the Persian Wars, 500 B.C.
(International Herald Tribune, Nov. 15, 2001).
> 35. One of the earliest Legal Codes in the world is called
The Law of the Medes and the Persians (the "unchangeable").
> 36. The first system of federal government was started in
the Persian Empire. There were many Ostans (Stan or State, like what
you see in Pakistan, Afghanistan, Hindu-stan, Uzbeki-stan, Etc.) that
were run by the satraps or smaller kings (Shah) who were under the
great king or Shahan-Shah (Kings' King).
> 37. The first secret service, called the eyes and the ears
of the king, was started in Persia.
> 38. The first world leader, who was called great, was Cyrus
the Great of Persia, some 200 years ahead of Alexander the Great!
> 39. Darius the Great of Persia established the First Tax
System, Customs Duties, Official Records and The Legal Code, in the
world level.
> 40. Countries of the world, whose names are originally
Persian:
> 1) Afghanistan, 2) Iran, 3) Kazakhstan, 4) Azirbaijan
(Fire Temples Land), 5) Turkministan, 6) Qirqizistan, 7)
Tajikistan 8) Uzbikistan, 9) Pakistan (Land of the Pure), 10)
Hindustan (also the Khalistan of the Sikhs).
> 41. Regions of the world, whose names are originated from
Persian:
> 1) Dagestan (Caucasus), 2) Qara Bagh (Azirbaijan, also
Afghanistan) 3) Baluchistan (Iran and Pakistan) 4) Rajastan
(India) 5) Panjab or Punjab (India and Pakistan) 6) Waziristan
(Pakistan) 7) Turkistan (China) 8) Kurdistan (Iran, Iraq, Turkey,
Syria and Russia), 9) Bash-Kurtustan (Russia), 10) Hazara
(Afghanistan, Pakistan) 11) Kafiristan, 12) Noorestan (Afghanistan)
13)Possibly, the Iranon tribes of the Southern Philippines, the Ire-
an of Palawan (Pahlawan?) in Southern Philippines, and the Irian Jaya
of Indonesia, etc.
> 42. Capitals of the world, whose names are Persian:
> 1.Baghdad (Iraq), combination of Bagh (God, Garden) and Dad
(justice / giving) A God given Place (Diosdado) or Garden of Justice
(of King Anush Ravan or Anushirvan of Persia).Actually, Baghdad was
rebuilt by the Iranian Master Architect, Nou-Bakht, during the
Abbasid Era (8th century A.D.).
> 2.Damascus (City of Musk, capital of Syria, the oldest
existing city in the world).
> 3. Ashq Abad (or Eshqabad) capital of Turkmenistan.
> 4. Islamabad capital of Pakistan (Note: Abad in Persian means
Town, City).
> 5. Baku (Baad Kubeh = the Windy City) capital of Azerbaijan.
> 6. Doshanbeh, capital of Tajikistan.
> 7. Tashkant (or Tashkent) capital of Qirqizistan.
> 8. Muscat or Muskat (=Musky, see Webster) the Capital of
Oman, on the shores of the Persian Gulf.
> 9. Samarkant (or Samarqand) Capital of Uzbekistan.
> 10. Bandar Sri Begawan (Brunei).
> 11. Iravan (Yerevan) capital of Armenia
(Armanestan).
> 12. Astana, Capital of Kazakhstan.
> 13. Moscow or Musk_va (City of Musk, from Moschi
or Moschos=Persian word for musk).
> 43. Historical cities whose names are Persian:
> 1) Bukhara, 2) Samarkand 3) Khawrazm (Khiveh) in Central
Asia, 4) Allahabad, 5) Ahmed Abad, 6) Heydar Abad, 7) Faiz
Abad, 8) Jamshid Pour, 9) Mahmood Abad, 10) Shah Abad etc.
(India) 11) Faisal Abad , 12) Heydar Abad, 13) Ghazi Abad,14)
Khorram, 15) Chaman, 16)Islamabad, etc. (Pakistan) 17) Rajshahi 18)
Cox Bazaar, (Bangladesh) 19) Mozaffar Abad (Pakistani Kashmir) 20)
Kufah or Kuppah (Hillside) Iraq 21) Salman Pak (Pure) Iraq, 22)
Ctesiphon (Iraq), 23) Halabcha (Iraq) 24) Khorsabad (Iraq) 25)
Nippur (Iraq) 26) Khanaqin (Iraq) 27) Khan Azad (Iraq) 28) Diwaniyyah,
(Iraq) 29) Bandar Sri Begawan (Brunei) (Note: Bandar in Persian
means port city like Bandar Abbas) 30) Banda Aceh (Indonesia) 31)
Shirwan (Caucasia) 32) Nakhjavan (Armenia) 33)Mozdok
(=Mazdak,Caucasia) 34) Astarkhan (Russia)etc.
> 44. Famous Persian Queens/Princesses in History:
> 1) Queen Vashti of King Xerxes ( see the Bible) 2) Queen
Esther, a Jewish girl, born in Persia, who became the Queen of
Persian King Xerxes (see Old Testament, Book of Esther Note: Esther's
tomb is in Hamadan Iran today) 3) Queen Cleopatra of Egypt (Part
Greek, Part Persian) 4) Queen Mumtaz Mahal (of Taj Mahal ) the Queen
of the Mogul Emperor of India, 5) Princess Shahr Banu of the Sasan
Dynasty, the daughter-in-law of Prophet Mohammad (wife of Imam
Hosain) 6) Madam Maragel, one of the wives of Emperor Harun Rashid,
the Abbasid Khalif (she was the mother of Mamoon, the most
intellectual Khalifah in the history of Islamic civilization, who
translated and transferred all Greek philosophy and science books
into Arabic language), 7) Puran-Dokht, the First Lady of Khaliffah
Ma'moon, 8) Princesses in several Arab states of the Persian Gulf,
including the mother of Shaikh Makhtum of the United Arab Emirates,
9) Nusrat Bhutto, the First Lady of Pakistan (1971-1978) wife of
Pakistani Prime Minister, Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto. 10) Jihan Sadat, the
First Lady of Egypt (1970-1982), wife of President Anwar Sadat of
Egypt, etc.
> 45. In the Field of Fashion: Almost all the clothing and
dresses of the Mogul Darbar in the Indian subcontinent (Including
Pakistan, Bangladesh, etc) are Persian in origin; that includes the
world famous Nehru Tunic or Shirwani, the Jinah Cap (made of lamb
skin), the Shalvar Qamis, the Indian Turban, the Parsi Gara (Persian
Style Embroidery in India), and a variety of shoes and other
accessories, including the well known Sukarno cap in Indonesia,
Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, Philippines, etc.
> 46. According to Professor Noel Malcon: Necktie (or cravat
in European languages) came from the Croats (of Balkans) a branch of
Iranian people who migrated from Persia, some 2000 years ago! Even
the Serbs are originally from Persia.
> (Ref. Malcolm, Noel: Bosnia, A Short History, Mc. Millan,
London 1996). Also: CNN World Report, November 16, 2003.
> 47. In Jewelries: Almost all the famous jewelries of the
Moguls of India (including those of Taj Mahal) were designed by
Persian master designers. The well-known Kooh-i Noor is a Persian
name, which means the mountain of light.
> Incidentally, the word Jawaher (as in Jawaher Lal-Nehru)
comes from the Persian word Gauhar (=Gem/Precious stone). Also the
word La'l is another Persian word, meaning Ruby.
>
> 48. In Linguistic Influences:
> 1. For 700 years, Persian was the official language of the
Moguls of Indian subcontinent (including Pakistan, Bangladesh, etc).
> Practically, every Mogul miniature contains not only the
Persian arts and drawings, but also Persian poetry in Farsi Alphabet
(a mixture of Persian and Arabic letters) in them.
> 2. Urdu language: the official language of Pakistan (and
India) is a result of Marriage between Persian-Arabic (which came
through Persia) and the Sanskrit. It is now spoken by some 800
million people around the world. ( Even Sanskrit itself was born in
Persia, before it reached India, some 7,000 years ago!). Gardeshgari,
August 2001.
> 3. Persian literature of the Indian subcontinent, with great
writers and poets, the jewel of them being, the late Dr. Mohammad
Iqbal,the National Poet of Pakistan (and India).
> 4. The names and surnames of almost all the people in
Armenia (Armanestan) and the Armenians around the world, is totally
or partially influenced by Persian language and culture. (Examples:
Melekian, Saturian, Haturian, etc. etc.).
> 49. The first animal domesticated by man was goat, and it
was done in Persia (Manila Bulletin, February 20,2001). Also the so-
called Arabian Horse (originally Persian) See BBC Worlds' Simpson
Report.(Note: In Arabic Language, horse is called Al-Faras, and
Persia is called Al-Fars; while the Persian is called Al-Farsi!).
Other animals, which were also first domesticated in Persia, are
Sheep, Cow, and Camel.
> 50. The first people who used fish as food were the people
around the Persian Gulf, (Philippine Daily Inquirer, 1998).
> 51. Nargileh/Hookeah or Shishah, the most famous pastime
smoking pipe in the Ottoman Empire, and the rest of Asia and the
Middle East, was invented in Persia (The Webster Dictionary).
> 52. The first time in the world that pearl was discovered
and harvested (Some 5,000 years ago) was in the Persian Gulf state of
Bahrain (which was part of the greater Persia, before the British
colonization in the 19th century) CNN 2002.
> 53. Noodles were first invented in Persia.(Expat. Weekly,
Manila 1996)
> 54. King Feraidun of Persia discovered winemaking method,
some 3,000 year B.C.
> 55. Punch (the mixture of five beverages) although was
popularized in British-India, is actually a Persian concoction. Panj
in Persian means five, the number of the mixtures. (Philippine
Daily Inquirer (Trivia) Feb. 2000)
> Also the word Punjab (or Panjab = Five waters/rivers,
in India and Pakistan) and Panjacila (Five Principles) of Sukarno in
Indonesia, etc.
> 56. A Persian Alchemist, called Zacharia Alrazi discovered
the Industrial Alcohol.(Al Razi is known in the west as Rhazes).
> 57. The first Beer-making techniques were discovered in
Medeo-Persia, some 5-6, 000 years ago. (On the
Net://www.udli./ucla.edu/).
> The legend says that beer was first brewed by
Ninkasi, some 3,500B.C. (For details, see the cult of Ninkasi).
*Manila Bulletin,August 30, 2002.
> 58. Various musical instruments, including setar (cithara or
cittern) and probably even guitar, Tamboor (Tambourine,) and Santour
(Dulcimer). Other musical instruments are Tar (six-stringed, while
Setar is four-stringed) and Ud, from which the medieval European lute
developed; as well as Ney or Flute. (Iran Today, MFA, Tehran, 1976,
p. 122). Iranian Music has even influenced the Flamenco tradition of
Spain. (Iran Today p.122).
> 59. The first people, who started the "Birthday"
celebration, where the Persian nobility and the royalty (So, "Happy
Birthday" could originally be a Persian song?)
> 60. The first time that cake was used in a birthday party was
by King Darius of Persia when he conquered Egypt. (500 B.C.)
Philippine Daily Inquirer 1999.
> 61. Polo game was invented in Persia, some 500 years B.C.
(Philippine Daily Inquirer 1998).
> 62. Wrestling, both as an art of war and sports, originated
in Persia.
> 63. Poker was also invented in Persia some 3,000 years ago.
It was called Aas. (The Philippine Daily Inquirer (Trivia) June 18,
2000.)
> 64. Chess, although originated in India, but was perfected
and passed on to the West, through Persia, in 10th century; thus the
words Chess (from Shah or King) Shakhmat (Shahmat) Rookh (rokh, or
Chariot) etc.
> 65. The world's first known money appeared in Persia, 800 B.C.
(Philippine Daily Inquirer,April 27,2002)
> 66. The words Paradise, Star, Bazaar, Caravan, Bank, Check,
Roxan, Rose, Jasmine, Parthian-Shots, (=Parting Shots), Sugar
(Shakar), Paw (Paa) Cow (Gau), Name (Naam); Nan (Bread) Nah (No),
Bad, Behtar (Better), Mushk (Musk) Pajamas, Orange, Dervish, Khaki,
Sepoy (Sepahy), Istana (Astana), Diwan/Divan, Pashmina (the Cashmere)
Kooh-e- Noor (Mountain of Light), Pasha, Pesh Marga, Jungle, Magi,
Magic, Magician, Mummy (Moumi) Sherryvalies (Shalvar), Kaftan
(Caftan), Taffeta, Shawl, Shahtoosh, Sherpa, Bang,Band,Spinach,
Saffron, Lemon, Woe! (Waa/Waay!), Gyn (Zan=Woman) Bakh-shish, Penta
(Panj=five), Thou (Toh), Me (Man), Am (-am), Eyebrow (Abru), Lips
(Lab), Pharao (=Far-zand or son of Ra/Mithra, the Sun-god of Persia
and later, Egypt) Buss (Buseh), Officer (Afsar/Afsara), Mouse
(Moush), Ouch (Aaakh), Aura (Ahura), Aurora, Murra, Ricksha (Rakh'sh)
as well as Pope (Papa/Baba), Pedar (Father) Madar (Mother) Nana
(Nanny=Mother), Baradar (Brother) Brethren, Dokhtar (Daughter), etc.
(almost 300 words in the English language)
> 67. The world's first public postal system was invented in
the Persian Empire some 3,000 years ago.
> 68. Cuneiform, the earliest form of writing in the world. The
cuneiform (wedge-shaped) was invented in what is known in History as
the Medeo-Persia, some 5-600 years ago. (On the Net
http://www.cdli.ucla.edu/)
> 69. The earliest known written documents, clay tablets,
inscribed more than 4,000 years ago, were found in the Medeo- Persian
region. These cuneiform texts include the earliest known creation
myths, legal codes, medical prescriptions and recipes--- Ledgers,
deeds, receipts --- and the list of everything, from the types of
bird, to the musical instruments and the woods used to make them.
(The Philippine Star, May 24, 2002).
> 70. The first calendar, composed of a year with 354 days, was
invented in Medeo-Persia, 2000 B.C. (*Philippine Daily Inquirer April
27, 2002) And during the Islamic era, another new Calendar, but this
time the most accurate calendar ever devised, in the whole history of
mankind, came into being --- the Jalali Solar Calendar by the Persian
mathematician and poet par excellence, the Great Omar Khayyam.
> Omar Khayyam's Persian solar calendar is even more
accurate than its Western Gregorian counterpart. (The Persian
calendar has an error of only one day in every 5,000 years, as
opposed to one in every 3,500 years for the Gregorian calendar). See
Iran Today, MFA, Tehran, 1976 p. 130.
> 71. The latest archeological excavations show that, glass was
first produced in the Asia-Minor region, some 4, 000 years ago. (Echo
of Islam Magazine, Tehran, Iran. Aug. 1986).
> 72. The Art of Miniature was originated in Persia, by Maani
(founder of Manichaeism) some 2,600 years ago, and reached China,
later, (Gardeshgari, Iran, Sep. 2002)
> 73. The first operation on human skull in the world, took
place in Persia, some 5,000 years ago! (Gardeshgari, Iran, Sep. 2002)
> 74. The origins of all the Indo-European languages, including
Indian, German, English, Greek, Spanish, French and many other
European languages today, are Iranian. (Gardeshgari, Iran, Sep. 2002)
So, it should be called Irano-European, not Indo-European!
> 75. Did you know where the Saxons (of Saxony - - Germany and
the Anglo-Saxons of Britain) came from? Well, the British
Orientalist, Sir Percy Sykes, himself a Saxon, went around the world
to look for their origin. He found out that the Saxons originated
from the Central Iranian Plateau, which was called Sakstan (Present
day Sistan- Baluchistan!) Gardeshgari, Iran, Sept. 2002. (How about
the Saxan or Sassan Dynasty of Persia?).
> 76. The Iranian Capital of Tehran with 3,200 years of history
has much greater historical treasures to offer to humanity than the
entire country of Greece! (Gardeshgari, Iran, Sep. 2002)
> 77. Domes of the Byzantine Churches and Palaces were an
adaptation from the Persian Architecture (Gardegari, Iran, Aug. 2000)
> 78. The world famous Holland Windmill is originally Persian,
and the Dutch know about it! (Gardeshgari, Iran, Aug. 2001).
> 79. The Sumerians and Egyptians were the early migrants who
came from the Iranian Plateau, thousands of years ago! (Gardeshagri,
Iran, Sep. 2002).
> 80. The Sumerian Seamen (probably) discovered America, many
centuries before Christopher Columbus. (Gardeshgari, Iran, Aug.
2001)
> 81. Archery of which the world famous Parthian Shots (or
Parting Shots) is a good proof, originated in Persia.
> 82. Persian carpet, walnuts, hazelnuts, Pistachio nuts,
pilau, kebab, beryani, shawarma, naan (bread) yoghurt, spinach,
saffron (the world's most precious spice), rice, grapes, lemon,
tulip, rose and perfume-were all originated in Persia.
> 83. Vertical windmill was invented in Persia, in 9th century,
A.D. (Ancient Inventions p. 398). Also the hand operated mills.
> 84. Trousers called Shalwar, were invented by the Persians
(while the Greek and the Romans preferred skirts).
> Also the world famous shawl and many other innovations
in clothing and shoe making, including a variety of hats and caps,
etc. The word pajama in English comes from the Persian words Paa
(leg) and Jameh (clothes).
> 85. The wheel was first invented in the cradle of
civilization, the area that is known in History as Medeo-Persia, some
5,000 years ago. (*Philippine Daily Inquirer, April 27, 2002) See
Persian wheel (Webster Dictionary).
> 86. Chariots of war were invented during Cyrus the Great of
Persia (559-529 B.C.)
> 87. Cross, as an instrument of punishment for the criminals
was first invented by the Persians, and it was
> adopted by the Romans, some 2,300 years ago.(Philippine Daily
Inquirer 1997) Also Swastika, etc.
> 88. Condom comes from the Persian word kandu or kondu, a
long vessel made from the intestines of the animals and used for
storing corn. Even today kondu (or kendu) is used in Persian language
for the beehives as well as small clay storage for grains or food.
(Condominium also?). Well, in Western Iran, there is a town called
Kanduan [plural of kandu]. In that town, all the houses are dug in
the mountain, on top of each other--a natural condominium).
> 89. Qanat or kanat, the underground water supply systems
that are stretched several miles, were also invented in Persia.
> 90. Silo for grains preservation, some 1300 B.C. (Ettelaat,
Iran Daily, 2001).
> 91. Baad-gir or Wind Shaft, the earliest form of modern air-
conditioners,which was built on top of the roof in order to catch the
fresh air and transfer it inside the building.
> 92. Aub-Anbar, the underground water reservoir that kept
water cool and safe, for the community (Take note of the word Aub,
the Persian word for water and its relation to Eu de Cologne, water
of cologne; also the ending of the words like Mindan-ao, Dav-ao, Lan-
ao,Mara-nao, Maguin-danao, Tugigar-ao, Suri-gao, Dan-ao (even Tamar-
ao, Carab-ao?) as well as Aub-dast -- Filipino and Chinese Muslims'
ablution with water, or Panj-ab, in India and Pakistan. etc.).
> 93. The first man who used an Airplane, to fly, was a
legendary Persian King, by the name of Keykaus. He tied 4 big birds
to his coach and placed some baits in a distance, dangling in front
of the birds to catch. (And thus for him to fly!).
> 94. The oldest combination lock, (with secret numbers) was
made some 800 years ago in Persia (Professor Arthur Pope, History of
Persian Civilization. c/o Ettelaat Daily, Tehran, Iran, January 25,
2003).
> 95. Embroidery was first invented by the Scythian people (a
branch of Persians) Ref. Webster Dictionary & CNN 2003.
> 96. The first travelers Inns called caravansaray (Inns of
caravan) some of which still exist along the Silk Road, were built in
Persia.
> 97. The largest mud-brick structure is the citadel of Bam, in
Kerman Province of Iran. It is 2,000 years old!
> 98. Parasol (Decorative Umbrella), used as an honor, over
the heads of the kings and the dignitaries, was invented in Persia,
too.
> 99. Crown or Taj (See Taj Mahal)- the bejeweled headpiece
for the King or the Queen, was first used in Persia.
> 100. The art of tile-work was invented and perfected in
Persia, many centuries ago. It was copied by others, but was never
equaled in its elegance and beauty.
> 101. Persian Blinds (or Persiana in Spanish and other
European Languages) is the origin of what is known today as the
Venetian Blinds (Webster Dictionary).
> 102. Blue Jars. The blue jars with floral designs (just
like the Blue Domes) are also a Persian invention. The Chinese
adopted these blue jars, after Genghis Khan invaded Persia in 13th
century A.D.
> 103. Chewing gum (called saqqez) as well as a variety of
other gums, including the well-known mummy or moumi (Webster
Dictionary).
> 104. There are many other ancient inventions that are
originated in the greater Persia. Some of them are as follows:
> 1) Needle 2) Weaving (like Taffeta, Shawl, etc.) 3) Roads/Hi-
ways 4) Chain mail (for body defense) 5) Spoons and Forks 6) Boots 7)
Gloves 8) Soap 9) Shampoo, 10) Perfume 11) Protocols and Etiquette
12) Turkish Bath 13) Dagger, hammer, axes 14) Military Marches,
15) Catapult, 16) Puppet Show 17) Tradition of syndication (for
farmers, workers, professionals) 18) Dams 19) Sickle 20) Jars and
Pots of clay 21) Brick making 22) Metals 23) Seals (Origin of
printing?) 24) Wheel (Persian wheel) 25) Coins 26) Oil 27)
Compass 28) Animal skin for writing 29) Measurement 30) Lighthouse
31) World map 32) Basic Human Flight 33) Military Fire Power 34)
Alphabet 35) Early Electrical devices 36) Fast Reporting system
(Like mores code, using mirror and sun) etc. (for more details see
Iran: Land and the People, by Mr. A.H. Saidian, Tehran, 2001)
>
> 105. King Cambyses II, of Persia, was the first person that
examined the dead bodies of the mummies of Egypt, after conquering
the Egyptian City of Memphis, in 600 B.C. (Philippine Daily Inquirer
(Trivia)June 15,2000.)
> 106. Also, the first people who fought against the
superstitious beliefs of the Egyptians (e.g. cats, bulls, crocodiles
worshipped as gods) were the Persians. King Cambyses II threw many
cats over the walls of Memphis City, and the Egyptians who believed
in cats as gods, were so scared that they surrendered the city,
without a fight (Philippine Daily Inquirer,Trivia ,2001).
> 107. The first person that gazed into a crystal ball (to see
the world events, just like a TV or a satellite) was King Jamshid of
Persia (see Jam-e Jamshid).
> 108. Persians were also pioneers in Astronomy, as Bible
states that the Magies saw the birth of Jesus Christ in the stars.
(see Mathew, Chapter II).
> 109. The belief that Number 13 is an unlucky one, was started
in Persia, some 5,000 years ago. Even today, all Persians (the
Kurdish, the Baluchis, the Central Asians, etc.) leave their homes
every 13th day of the New Year (March 21) and they go out in the
fields, so as to avoid the bad luck of the 13th day of the New Year.
> 110. Incidentally, the Phenomenon of the New Year itself is a
Persian Tradition, where the Natural New Year (first day of the
Spring, not middle of the winter!) is celebrated on March 21, every
year. (CNN,January 01, 2003).
> 111. The Persian Businessmen Mr. Hosain Qermezian and his
brothers, in Canada, introduced the first Mega Mall in the West,
during the 40s and the 50s. In that Mega Mall (which was probably
inspired by the Persian Bazaar or Timcheh) everything, from a needle
up to the latest car, is available under one roof!
> 112. The world's most glamorous building-cum-mausoleum, (one
of the Seven Wonders of the World) the Taj Mahal in India (also the
Shish Mahal or Mirror Palace in Pakistan) was designed by a Persian
Master Architect, Ustad Eisa Shirazi and his son Mohammad Shirazi, in
1631 A.D. (Village Voice, Manila, Feb.2002. Also the world's most
glamorous and the best loved Queen was a Persian Lady,Arjumand Banu
or Mumtaz Mahal, whose Mausoleum is also the best ever; -- The Taj
Mahal. In the words of the English poet, Sir Edwin Arnold: "Not a
piece of Architecture as other buildings are, but a proud passion of
an Emperor's love wrought in living stones." (Village Voice, Manila
Feb.2002).
> 113. The world's most educated (100% highly educated)
Community is that of the Parsis (the Persian Zoroastrians) who live
mostly in Iran, India, Pakistan and England. They are also one of the
most financially successful communities in the world. (They
established the first Cancer Hospital, and many other educational and
Social Centers, including some of the oldest and biggest libraries in
India - -see International Herald Tribune, April 24, 2003).
Incidentally, the most well known poet of the Gujrati language in
India is a Parsee by the name of Khabar-Dar.
> 114. The world's most expensive residence belongs to a
Persian by a name of Dr. Nasser Khalili, who lives in England. His
classical English Mansion is worth over $240 Million (Manila
Bulletin, June, 12, 200).
> 115. For further details on Persian Culture, see Webster
Dictionary for terms such as: Persiana, Persian ammoniac, Persian
apple, Persian berry, Persian blue, Persian buttercup, Persian cat,
Persian clover, Persian daisy, Persian date, Persian deer, Persian
earth, Persian green, Persian iris, Persian lamb, Persian lawn,
Persian lilac, Persian melon, Persian nightingale, Persian rose,
Persian wheel, etc.
> 116. In the fields of Religion and Philosophy: The oldest
living religion in the world, is Zoroastrianism, the ancient religion
of Persia, (Philippine Star, Jan. 26, 2002).
> 117. The first divinely revealed religion, which still
exists today is Zoroastrianism. No other religion has influenced
other world Religions like Zoroastrianism. It has influenced Judaism,
Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, (Mahayana), Manicheanism and the Pagan
European Cults. Over half of the world has virtually accepted a
significant portion of Zoroastrian teachings. Many Christian
traditions as well as some of its Philosophy are actually the
adaptations from the Zoroasterianism and Mithraism, the Persian
Religion of Sun god worshipping. Here are some examples:
>
> 1. The Christmas is, in reality, the Birthday of Mithra the
Sun-god (Not the Son of God!) which was born on December 25, after
the Saturnalia Festivals).
> 2. Virgin Mary (mother of Baby-god Jesus) resembles
Anahita, the Persian goddess, The Mother of
gods!
> 3. Sunday (the Christians Holiday) is actually dedicated
to Sun-god or Mithra, the Persian god.
> 4. Songs and praises in the churches.
> 5. Bread and wine tradition.
> 6. The white ropes of the priests.
> 7. Celibacy of the Priests and Nuns
> 8. Cross, Swastika, etc.
> 9. The symbol of Smiling Sun (Mithra) on some Christian
flags (like that of Argentina) etc.
> (Note: Even the Egyptians adopted the Persian Sun-god - -
Mithra, as their highest deity, and called him "Ra" (Probably short
for Mithra). In fact, Pharaoh [The title of the Kings of Egypt] means
The Son of Ra!). Is it possible that Ray in English has also
something to do with Ra or Mithra? How about Rex (king) in Latin, Rey
(king in Spanish), etc?
>
> Aside from Zoroastrianism, the other religious and
philosophical movements of Persia, include Mithraism (the Sun god),
which was also adopted by the Romans; Manicheanism, which was later
on adopted by the Christians in North Africa, and probably the first
communist movement called Mazdakism (500 A.D.) Later on Sufism,
Carmathism, Ismaili (Agha Khani), Babism, Bahaism, Akhbarism,
Kasravism, etc., etc.
>
> 118. According to some scholars, the most important person in
the recorded history of religion, is the Persian Prophet - -
Zoroaster. (Check Internet, Persian Culture, also Mithraism,
etc).
> 119. FAMOUS PERSIAN PROPHETS/RELIGIOUS FOUNDERS:
> 1. Zoroaster (500 B.C.), Founder of Zoroastrianism, the
oldest living religion in the world, that has influenced all other
religions, including Judaism, Christianity and Islam.
> 2. Maani "The Messenger of Light" (the founder of Gnosticism
and Manicheanism that influenced Christianity, later). The expression
of "Manichaean language" or religious absolutism came from there.
> 3. Mazdak (founder of Mazdakism, a communist movement at 500
AD).
> 4. Baabak Khorram-din, 800 AD (Founder of the Religious-
Political movement of Khorram Dinan).
> 5. Hassan Sabbah (founder of Militant Esmailism and the
originator of the Assassins, or the Hashashin movement, also known
as Fedayins, 11th century A.D).
> 6. Agha Khan Mahallati 1900 A.D. (Founder of Agha Khani /
Esmaili sect.).
> 7. Baab (Ali Mohammad) 1900 A.D. (Founder of Babism).
> 8. Bahaullah,1900 A.D. (Founder of Bahaism).
> 9. Shah Nematullah Kermani, Sheikh Safi-Uddin, Safi Ali Shah
and many other founders of Sufi Orders.
> 120. The hippies of Europe and America got their hairstyle
and their shabby looks (and probably their ideas, too from the Fekirs
and Qalandars of India, who in turn got it from the Dervishes and
Sufis of Persia!
> 121. The philosophy of Yin and Yang (male-female/positive-
negative), which is the foundation of the Taoist religion in China,
Korea, Japan, etc., was first introduced by the Persian Prophet
Zoroaster, as the Ahura Mazda (God of light) and Ahriman (God of
darkness) some 5,000-6,000 years ago.
> It was later on expanded further by another Persian
Prophet-Maani, as religious and philosophical Dualism of Good and
Evil (see Webster).
> 122. The concept of Celibacy in Christianity was one of the
many influences of the Persian Prophet Maani on the Christian Faith
("Manicaean influences on the Augustinian Doctrines") see Webster.
> 123. Special respect for the animals, particularly cows and
bulls, which was very popular among the early Egyptians and the
Indians today, has an Aryan (Iranian) origin. It's because of those
animals' great roles in agriculture and human sustenance. (And
considering that the early Egyptians and the Brahmans of India, were
actually the emigrants from the Land of Arya, the connections becomes
more evident).
> But, while the Indian and the Egyptian cultures
considered all animals sacred, even the dangerous ones (crocodiles,
snakes, disease-carrying mice, etc.) the Persians respected the good
ones, but also did not hesitate to kill the harmful.
>
>
>
>
> 124. The latest archeological, historical and linguistic
researches very clearly show that the Europeans (Eastern and Western)
were originally the migrants from the Land of the Aryans (Iran). So
were the ruling classes of Egypt (the Pharaohs), and India (the
Brahmans), as well as the ancient Greeks and the Romans.
> In other words, all those leading cultures of the
ancient world were the children of the migrant Iranians of the olden
days.
> But how about the White Americans of today? Well,
the White Americans are actually the children of of the European
migrants, or the "grandchildren" of the Persians or the Iranians!
> 125. The first people, who accepted and believed in Jesus
Christ, were the Persians. See the story of the three Magi/Wise
men/Kings, who came from Persia to see baby Jesus (Ref. Mathew II).
> 126. In Political and Economic Fronts. The first revolution
in the Middle East, even ahead of the 1917 Russian Revolution, was
the Mashruta (Constitutional) Revolution of Iran, in 1906. It changed
the country from an absolute Monarchy to a Constitutional Monarchy.
> 127. The first religious revolution in the world, that led to
the establishment of an Islamic Republic, took place in Iran in 1979.
Ahmad Ben Bella, the revolutionary president of Algeria called it
the "Miracle of our Age". (Ettelaat, Tehran January 1980).
> That Islamic Revolution caused the Revival of the
Islamic aspirations all over the Muslim world, which is visible
everywhere, today. (Time Magazine, New York, April 16, 1979. Also
International Herald Tribune September 4, 2002)
> 128. The first nationalization of oil and other natural
resources in the Middle East was lead by Dr. Mohammad Mosaddeq of
Iran, in 1940s and 1950s.
> 129. The first oil well in the world was found and drilled in
the Persian City of Baku (or Baad Kubeh = the Windy City, now the
capital of Azerbaijan) in the 1394, A.D. (New World, Siemens
Magazine, Germany Sept. 2001). It was in this same region that the
first Temple of Fire was built by the followers of Zoroaster the
Persian Prophet some 5, 000 years ago).
> 130. The first oil pipeline also was built in Baku, from the
woods of the Caspian region.
> 131. The first oil tanker in the world was built in Baku, and
it was named after the Persian Prophet the Zoroaster. (Source: New
World, Siemens Magazine, Germany, Sept. 2001).
> 132. The largest inland body of water in the world, is
located in Northern Persia. The Caspian Sea, with the best Caviar in
the world, plus oil, gas and a lot of flora and fauna.
> 133. In Poetry and Literature:
> A. One Thousand and one Nights (The "Arabian Nights" or
corrected The Persian Nights, written in the 10th century A.D.)
> B. Undoubtedly the best poetry that was created by man, in:
> 1. The Rubaiyyat of Omar Khayyam
> 2. The Shah Namah of Firdausi (The "Paradise Man") the story
of Rostum and Sohrab.
> 3. The Math-nawi. The ultimate light of mysticism and Sufism
by Jalalud Din Rumi. (The best-seller in the US today)!
> 4. The best Love Songs in the Odes of Hafez of Shiraz, who
is considered as the "Greatest Poet ever who walked this earth"! (See
The Gift, Collection of Hafiz's Poems, by Daniel Ladinsky, 1998,
N.Y., USA). Hafez is also adored and "worshipped" by J.W. Goethe, the
greatest poet of Germany and Europe).
> 5. The classical Persian Romanticism by Nezami of Ganjeh;
> 6. The Purest Sufi Expressions in the "Ruba'iyyat"of Baba
Tahir "The Oryan".
> 7. The Sweetest language in poetry and prose in the Rose
Gardens (Gulestan and later Bustan) of Sheikh Sa'di.
>
>
> In Islamic Sciences and Islamic Civilization:
>
> The Persians also played the greatest role in the
development of the Islamic Sciences and Islamic Civilization, as well
as the preservation and spreading of it, in the world, as follows:
>
> 134. Salman Al-Farsi was the first person to translate the
Holy Quran into a foreign language (i.e. Persian).
> 135. The first time the Holy Qur'an was printed in a Muslim
country (by modern machines) was in Persia, in 1866 A.D. (Ref.
Ettelaat International, Tehran, 1996).
> 136. The first melodious translation of the Holy Qur'an (as
the original Arabic is also melodious) for a better reading and an
easier memorization of its verses, by the non-Arabs, was done by the
Persian scholar, Dr. Fazlollah Nikayin - - in the USA(1998).
> This translation which is titled, "Qur'an: A Poetic
Translation from the Original" is first of its kind, not only in
English language, but also in any other translation of the Holy
Qur'an, in 1,400 year history of Islam. (Reference: The Ultimate Book
2000, Skokie Publications (Illinois) U.S.A.)
> 137. The most translated language of the entire Holy Qur'an
in the world is Persian---some one thousand translations (Ref.
Ettalaat International, Tehran, 1996)
> 138. The youngest person, who ever memorized the entire Holy
Qur'an, was a 5-year-old Persian boy by the name of M.H. Taba-Tabai.
(He received a Ph.D. from the Hijaz Islamic College of England, as
the youngest scholar of the Holy Qur'an in 1996).
> 139. The greatest Imam among the majority of Muslims---Imam
Abu Hanifah was a Persian.
> 140. The greatest master of SUFISM (Islamic Mysticism) was Al-
Ghazzali, another Persian teacher, (Some orientalists consider him
as the most qualified scholar in Islam, aside from the Prophet
Mohammad himself).
> 141. The greatest interpreter of the Holy Quran in Islam, is
Tabari, also a Persian.
> 142. All the earliest collectors and writers of the
traditions of Prophet Mohammad (P.B.U.H.) who preserved and spread
his words, were Persians--Bukhari, Muslim, Tirmidi, Ibni Maja, Nasai
and Abu Dawoud.
> 143. The man, who finally defeated the western crusaders,
liberated Jerusalem from the invaders and saved the Muslims from a
total annihilation, was a Kurdish (Persian) man by the name of
Salahud Din (Saladin the Magnificent).
> 144. The greatest grammarian of Arabic language was a Persian-
-the Sibwaih of Shiraz.
> 145. The first compiler of Arabic Dictionary was a Persian by
the name of Khalil Bin Ahmad.
> 146. The first scholar who organized, formulated and
established the Science of Rhetoric, Elocution and Prosody in Arabic
language was a Persian master by the name of Sheikh Abdul Qadir
Jorjani (Gorgani).
> 147. The greatest Philosophical mind after Aristotle, who
preserved philosophy from destruction during the Dark Ages (of
Europe) was Al-Farabi the Persian. He was a linguist and a music
virtuoso. He is known as the Second Master. (After Aristotle).
> 148. The greatest intellectual during the Middle Ages was Abu
Ali Sina (Avicena) the Persian Physician-Philosopher (see
International Herald Tribune, Oct. 11, 2001).
> 149. The first scientific book that was printed in the world,
after the invention of the printing machine, was the Cannon of Abu
Ali Sina (or Avicena, the Persian Physician-Philosopher). His medical
masterpiece was the most popular textbook of Medicine, in European
Colleges and Universities, during the Middle Ages and up to the 18th
Century A.D.(By the way, the earliest College of Medicine, recorded
in the History of Iran was "Gundishapur Medical School", 500 A.D.
Also take note that the terms, Medica, Medicine, etc. came from
Medes=Medeo-Persian Men).
> 150. The first man who introduced Arabic numerals in the West
(which used Roman Numerals, before) was a Persian scholar by the name
of Al Kharwrazmi (9th century A.D.).
> 151. The first physician in the world, who treated Small Pox,
was Zakariyya Al Razi (10th century A.D.).
> 152. The first scientist who invented a computing machine was
Al-Kashani (15th century A.D.).
> 153. The first scientist who explained the cause of rainbow
in 13th century A.D. was another Persian called Qutb Shirazi.
(Source: Islam: A global civilization, Cambridge, U.K. 1995.)
> 154. The first scientist who measured the distance between
the Earth and the Moon was a Persian by the name of Naseer ud-Din
Tousi (13th century A.D.).
> 155. The first physician who diagnosed and treated Meningitis
during the Dark Ages was Abu Ali Sina (11th century A.D.). (Source:
The Islamic Text Society Cambridge U.K. 1995).
> 156. The greatest Muslim scholar, who collected and preserved
Islamic traditions and teachings, is another Persian by the name of
Mohammad Majlesi (17th century A.D.) His masterpiece on Islamic
teaching and traditions (titled, Behar Al-Anwaar) is 100 plus Volumes.
> 157. The most prominent religious and political figure in the
history of Islam in the past 1,000 years (as far as the political and
religious revival of the Muslim world is concerned) was Ayatullah
Ruhullah Khomeini, the leader of the Islamic Revolution of Iran
(1979). He was named, Man of the Year (Time, 1980).
> 158. The greatest collection and preservation of the Islamic
Arts in the world belongs to a Persian patron of Arts, by the name of
Dr. Nasser Khalili, who lives in England. (Mabuhay Magazine,
Philippines, 1998).
> 159. Qawwali, the Art of Sufi chanting with music, started in
Persia, in the 9th century A.D. before it came to India (also
Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, etc.) It was also spread westward to
Turkey and other countries up to Algeria, Tunesia and Morocco, in
North Africa.
> It is a form of Praising Allah, remembering the Holy Prophet,
and the spiritual men of God, thru musical songs.
> 160. The first scientists who claimed that the Earth was
actually round (not flat, as the Europeans believed) were the Muslim
scholars of Persia (Gardeshgari, Iran, March 2002).
> 161. Persian Muslim Scientists knew the Law of Gravity, as
early as 840 A.D. (Ibid).
> 162. The Iranian master musicians, like Abu Ishaq Musuli,
actually thought the Arabs the Fine Art of Music, but later on they
gave up on music, upon conversion to Islam, because of Religious
reasons (Motahhari,Khadamat, Tehran, Iran, 1970).
> 163. The most popular word among the Muslim Communities,
around the world for Teacher/Guru/Master/Spiritual Leader, is
Ustad/Ustaz, a Persian word which means Educator/Trainor .
> 164. Muslims in Central Asia, South West Asia, South East
Asia and China, still use the Islamic terms, in Persian, rather than
in the Original Arabic Language. Examples are: Namaz (Prayer) Ruzah
(Fasting) Bang (call to prayer) Aub-dast (Ablution) Farman (Teaching)
etc. etc.
> 165. The most brilliant and the most intellectual Caliph in
the History of Islam, was a half-Persian, by the name of Ma-moon.
His father was Khalifa Haroon Ar-Rashid, and his mother, a lady from
Persia by the name of Maragel.
> This same Khalifa Ma-moon, translated and transferred
all the Greek Philosophy and Science books into Arabic (by the help
of mostly Iranian scholars) and thus saved Ancient Science and
Philosophy for mankind, by protecting them from destruction during
the Dark Ages of Europe! He established the House of Wisdom or House
of Sciences in Baghdad in 9th Century A.D.
> 166. The first Muslim woman in the world, who won the Noble
Peace Prize, was the Iranian Lady Judge, Shirin Ebadi (Year 2003).
> 167. Iran was probably the only country in the Middle East
(and one of the few in the world) that was not colonized by the
foreign powers, in the Modern History.
> 168. One of the chief architects of OPEC (the first oil
cartel in the Third World, which turned many poor oil producing
countries into super-rich) was the Shah of Iran, Shah Mohammad Reza
Pahlavi (International Herald Tribune, October 18, 2003)
> 169. The world's most exclusive "couturier" (for the rich and
the famous) is Mr. "Bijan", an Iranian master designer in New York
with over $300 Million of income annually. (Mohajer, info@i...)
> 170. The First Sheikhul Islam of Siam (Modern Thailand) was a
Persian Statesman by the name of Shaikh Ahmad Qommi (1600 AD). He
was later on appointed by the King of Thailand as the Prime Minister
of Siam. (Thailand: A Golden Land by M. Tamhidi, Al Hoda Publishing,
Tehran. 2001)
> Also, the first Sheikhul Islam of Aceh in Indonesia,
Seyyed Hassan Astar Abadi was a Persian religious leader, during the
reign of "Sultan Malek Salek" of Aceh, 17th century. (ibid.)
Manaam Babak: Mardi beh Ostovari Kohe Sabalan
God Bless our Noble Nation & Our Beloved Iran, The Land of Aryans
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