This information is to help everyone take better photographs through better lighting. Ask questions here or email me at picturedman@yahoo.com or look at my Photographic Lighting Blog located at http://fotodog.blogspot.com
All information is part of an upcoming book.
(C)2004 morosse
CHAPTER ONE - EQUIPMENT
Expensive Equipment doesn't mean good lighting.
Quality equipment will help you.
- If you set a stand, and it stay how you adjust it, that is good.
Equipment list
1. A camera and remote release(film or digital)
Small objects may require a close up feature.
2. Tripod (heavy is good) This holds your camera still.
3. Light and Gobo(card, diffusion, flag) stands
4. Lights (tungsten and/or flash) having access to both
makes lighting easier.
5. Clamps for holding stuff
6. Background material - this can be anything from paper
to an object.
7. Other - This includes, but not limited to...
diffusion, bounce cards, Fun tack, clamps,
tape, wire, extension cords, etc.
8. Location - This could be a table top, a parking lot, or a
studio.
CHAPTER TWO - LIGHT LAWS
These 3 laws will help you solve most of your Lighting Problems.
1. Light travels in a straight line.
2. The angle of incidence EQUALS The angle of reflection.
3. Inverse Squared. - At any given distance, twice the
distance will receive a 1/4 of the amount of light, or
minus two stops. (1/2 the distance will receive x4
the amount of light, or +2 stops).
CHAPTER THREE - CHARACTER of LIGHT
Light is generally characterized by Hard Light and Soft Light.What everyone must note it that lights character is continuously variable between Hard and Soft light.
Hard Light- Refers to the QUICK transition from Highlight to shadow. (Example - A bright sunny day, the Sun casts hard, defined shadows.)
Soft light- Refers to the SLOW transition from Highlight to shadow. (Example - A very Cloudy day, the Sun/Clouds cast Little or NO shadows.)
dif·fu·sion (noun)
1. The process of diffusing or the condition of being diffused.
2. (Physics) a. The scattering of incident light by reflection from a rough surface.
b. The transmission of light through a translucent material.
Important Points
* A large source is softer than a small source.
* Distance between the source and object is important - If a very large source is very far away it becomes a hard source. (Example - the Sun is a very large source, it is 93,000,000 miles away, so it becomes a hard source.)
* The closer the diffusion to the object, the softer the light.
* If diffusion is placed at the source, the light will generally remain hard.
Why choose Hard or Soft light?
HARD light helps define surface and texture.
(if you would like to show the texture of the skin of an orange, a very hard source would help define the surface.)
SOFT light Helps define shape and contour.
(To illustrate the contour of a wine bottle, you may use a large long source that would run the height of the bottle, showing how it ungulates.)
Conclusions
Lets say you are photographing a model and her skin it not perfect, hard light would show off the bad skin even with good makeup. Conversely, if you were photographing a business man with bad skin not using makeup, Soft light would help hide the imperfections.
For questions and clarifications, contact me at picturedman@yahoo.com
(c)2004 morosse |