Study guide for Module 15

1.
a) Behind the parietal peritoneum
b) The production of red blood cells (erythrocytes)
c) Blood plasma withour proteins, found in the nephrons of the kidneys
d) The rate at which blood flows through the kidneys(1 liter per minute)
e) the rate at which filtrate is produced in glomerular filtration (125 mL/minute)
f) The maximum rate of reabsorption by active transport through the nephron tubules
g)A mixture of an acid and a base which resists change in pH

2.
a)kidneys
b)ureter
c)urinary bladder
d)urethra
e)renal artery
f)renal vein
g)renal pelvis
h)renal pyramid
i)medulla
j)cortex
k)renal column

3.
C

4.
a)I--medulla
b)about 4 times normal

5.
urine formation
storage of urine
release of urine
controls pH of blood
erythropoiesis
Transportation of urine
Activation of vitamin D

6.
Urine formation is like cleaning out a drawer. both the good stuff and the bad stuff are poured out into the nephron. Then the solid materials (the chemicals) are put back (reabsorbed) into the nephron. The problem is that other things get absorbed along with the chemicals, so they have to be taken out (secreted) into the nephron. then the liquid good stuff (water) gets absorbed (water reabsorption) out of the nephron.

7.
a) nephron
b) Bowman's capsule
c) glomerulus
d) descending limb
e) loop of henle
f) ascending limb
g) proximal tubule
h) distal tubule
i) cortex
j) medulla
k) collecting duct

8.
a) loop of henle
b) ascending limb
c) distal tubule, collecting duct

9.
1-glomerular function
2-reabsorption
3-secretion
4-reabsorption of water

10.
a) plasma
b) proteins

11.
a) filtration membrane is very permeable
b) blood pressure in glomerular cappillaries is very high

12.
a) drinking lots of fluids
b) capsular pressure and osmosis
c) Capsular pressure---When the water is being pushed out by GCP and the capsular pressure is blocking it.
Osmosis---When the water is psuhed into the capillaries whereas the GCP pushes it OUT of the capillaries
d) The kidney function totally stops

13.
a) ATP and a carrier is necessary
b) proteins that have t o be taken through by pinocytosis

14.
a) water
b) urea ?? not sure

15.
Only a little

16.
?? increase??

17.
a) solute-300
b) solute-600
c) solute-1200
d) solute-400-500
e) solute-300

18.
a) internal urinary sphincter
b) external urinary sphincter

19.
juxtaglomerular cells

20.
Angiotensinogen

21.
Atrial natriuretic hormone

22.
a) acidosis
b) alkalosis

23.
a) acid
b) the Hv2POv4

24.
Buffer systems
respiratory system
kidneys

25.
Isn't this the same question as #24? If not then i don't know how to answer it.~Shannon