1. Define the following terms:
a. Origin - The point at which a muscle's tendon attaches to a more stationary bone.
b. Insertion - The point at which a muscle's tendon attaches to the moveable.
c. Belly - The largest part of the muscle, which actually contains the muscle cells.
d. Mastication - The process of chewing.
e. Extrinsic hand muscles - Muscles in the forearm which create motion in the hands.
f. Intrinsic hand muscles - Muscles within the hand which create motion in the hand.
2. The entire group of muscles is called the synergist, and the gluteus maximus is the prime more.
3. This is an example of a second-class lever.
4. Identify the muscles:
a. frontalis
b. occipitalis
c. sternocleidomastoid
d. posterior triangle
e. trapezius
f. orbicularis oculi
g. zygomaticus minor
h. zygomaticus major
i. masseter
j. orbicularis oris
k. platysma
l. temporalis
m. buccinator
n. lateral pterygoid
o. medial pterygoid
5. The muscles involved in mastication are the temporalis, the masseter, the lateral pterygoid, and the medial pterygoid.
6. The kissing muscles are buccinator and the orbicularis.
7. Label the following structures:
a. pectoralis minor
b. external oblique
c. internal oblique
d. transversus abdominis
e. deltoid
f. pectoralis major
g. linea alba
h. rectus abdominis
8. The linea alba is not a muscle.
9. The deltoid and the pectoralis major act on the arm.
10. The rest of the muscles act on the vertebral column.
11. Label the following structures:
a. trapezius
b. deltoid
c. latissimus dorsi
d. rhomboideus minor
e. rhomboideus major
f. levator scapulae
g. supraspinatus
h. infraspinatus
i. teres minor
j. teres major
k. subscapularis
l. biceps brachii
12. Label the following structures:
a. biceps brachii
b. supinator
c. brachioradialis
d. pronator teres
e. flexor carpi radialis
f. triceps brachii
g. extensor carpi ulnaris
h. extensor carpi radialis longus
i. extensor carpi radialis brevis
j. extensor digitorum
k. extensor retinaculum
13. The extensor retinaculum is not a muscle. It holds the tendons down as the muscles work.
14. Extrinsic hand muscles are muscles which act on the hand, but are located in the forearm. Intrinsic hand muscles also act on the arm, but are located in the hand.
15. Label the following structures:
a. gluteus medius
b. biceps femoris
c. vastus lateralis
d. gluteus maximus
e. adductor magnus
f. semimembranous
g. semitendinosus
h. psoas major
i. iliacus
j. sartorius
k. rectus femoris
l. gracilis
m. adductor longus
n. vastus medialis
16. Muscles involved in flexing the thigh are the iliacus, the psoas major, the rectus femoris, the sartorius, and the tensor fasciae latae. The antagonists are the gluteus maximus, the biceps femoris, the semimembranosus, the semitendinosus, and the adductor magnus.
17. Muscles involved in abducting the thigh are the gluteus maximus, the gluteus medius, the gluteus minimus, and the tensor fasciae latae.
The antagonists are the adductor longus, the adductor magnus, and the gracilis.
18. The 3 muscles which flex the forearm at the elbow are the biceps brachii, the brachioradialis, and the pronator teres.
The antagonist is the triceps brachii.
19. Muscles which supinate the forearm are the supinator and the biceps brachii.
The antagonists are the pronator teres and the pronator quadratus.
20. Label the following structure:
a. gastrocnemius
b. soleus
c. calcaneal tendon
d. flexor digitorum longus
e. peroneus longus
f. tibialis anterior
g. extensor digitorum longus
h. extensor retinacula
i. patellar ligament
21. The calcaneal tendon, the extensor retinacula, and the patellar ligament are not muscles.
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