Bowie's undoubtedly influenced hundreds, if not thousands of bands and artists, and he helped to break down perceived barriers, so it is possible that The Village People were accepted because of Bowie's androgynous trail blazing previously.
But, I think not. Bowie's androgyny was alien, sexual, rebellious and cool. It was of a generation.
The Village People were the slapstick end of camp. Homosexuality as a caricature of itself. They were accepted because they sent up their sexuality. Bowie wore leotards & make up, they wore leather chaps & handlebar moustaches. They were so obviously gay that they may as well have worn t-shirts declaring their sexuality, and when things are clearly labeled they almost became harmless.
Bowie's bisexuality was subtler and possibly perceived as being dangerously subversive as it was blended with themes of alienation, self discovery and schizophrenia. Confusing for your average '100% straight' bloke with suppressed feelings of bisexuality.
Bowie had to lose the stack heels, spiky hair, make up & leotards & instead grow his fringe & wear a suit before he really troubled the American charts.